滤食性双壳贝类对工厂化养殖废水中悬浮物的生物滤除研究.pdf

农业环境科学学报2010,292:363-367
Joumal of Agro-environment Science
滤食性双壳贝类对工厂化养殖废水中悬浮物的
生物滤除研究
张少军12,周毅,张延青,刘鹰2,徐洋1
(1.青岛理工大学,山东青岛266033;2.中国科学院海洋研究所,海洋生态与环境科学重点实验室,山东青岛266071)
摘要:针对海水鱼类半滑舌鳎养殖池排出水中大量絮状悬浮物难以用常规机械过滤法去除的问题,选择适应能力强的滤食性双
売贝类长牡蛎( Crassostrea gigas)和紫贻贝( Mytilus galloprovincialis),通过现场实验测定了它们对鱼类养殖排出水中悬浮物的生物
滤除能力。结果表明,在海水流速为100L?h条件下,壮蛎壳高(980+045)cm,湿重(117.0t10.0)gJ和贻贝壳高(6.54t0.26)em,湿
重(29.7+2.4)gJ对养殖排出水悬浮物的生物沉积速率分别为40.28-4530 mg"=d'平均(43.40+2.16) mind".d]和6.9~-8.8
mg.-.d]平均(7,66+0.99) mg'ind=d;在实验海水流速为150L?h1条件下,牡蛎壳高(9.3320.99)em,湿重(95.831.4)g」和始贝
売高(6.39-0.91)cm,混重(28.0H15.4)g]对悬浮物的生物沉积速率分别为13.68~2250mg“ind-d?平均(17.35t4.59) mind.d]和
537-5.67 mgind-d平均(5.55:0.15 mg".d]l表明长牡蛎和贻贝两种双壳贝类对半滑舌鳎养殖池出水中悬浮物具备很强的
生物滤除潜力,且能吸收和利用悬浮物中的有机质实现养殖废物的生物资源化利用。
关键词:工厂化海水养殖;悬浮颗粒物;滤食性双壳贝类;半滑舍鳎:生物滤除;沉积物
中图分类号:X703.1文献标志码:A文章编号:1672-2043(201002-0363-05
A Study on Biologically Filter-removing of Suspended Particles in Industrial Aquaculture Wastewater with
Filter-feeding Bivalves
ZHANG Shao-jun, ZHOU Yi, ZHANG Yan-qing, LIU Ying, XU Yang
( 1. Qin da Technol cal Unier it n da 263 hina y L oratory of Marine Ecology&Environmen al Sciences, Institute of
Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China)
Abstract: In industrial aquaculture wastewater, there occur large quantities of suspended particles from undigested remains and fish fees
that are easily phy ically broken up. Espec ally it is ifcu o mve e culet suspended solids from culture pond of Cynoglossus
semilaevis Gunter with conventonal mechancal ier metos In his stud, we chose two kinds of filter-feeding bivalves, the Pacific oyster
Crassostrea gigas and the blue mussel Mytilus galloprovincialis to remove the suspended solids from fish aquaculture wastewater in flow
through systems. Results showed that when water flow speed was 100 Lh,the biologically filter-removing rate of suspended particles by C.
g ga (shell heigh.0 4m n l ww 117.0 10.0 )n do nc s( hell height 6.54*0.26m indiidual wet
weight 29 7042 44 g)were 40.28-45.30 mg ind d(aveage 43.3 mg in )and 6.6-887mgnd d(averag76mgind-d)
respectively: and when the flow waste-water speed was 150 Lh, the biologically filter-removing rate of suspended particles by oysters( shell
e g 30.9 m i a w w7 44 a sel( shel e t 6 3 0.1 m inial wt wegh2803154
were 13.68-22 50(average 17. 35)mg--and 5. 5.67(average 5.55)mg ind, respectively. Also, we ound that the POM and
C N and P in sediments of oser s em were si a lower an those of e control system. We conclude that the two species C. Gigas
and M galloprovincialis have a considerable potential to filter and remove suspended particles from aquaculture wastewater, and simul ane-
ously yield the biological resource use.
Keywords indus al seawater aquaculture suspended particle il - ng bivalve; o do us semilaevis Ginther bio-filter sediment
收稿日期:2009-06-17
甚金项目:国家863计划(206A100305);国家科技支撑计划资助(2006BADO9A09);国家基金委创新研究群体项目(40821004);中科院知识创新
项目(KZCX2-YW-(07-03);山东省科技攻关项月(2006c03205072):国家自然基金项月(30571428)
作者简介:张少军(1983-),男,硕土研究生,研究方向为养殖环境科学。E-mil:zhangshaojun-4@163.com
通讯作者:周教E-mail: yizhou@ qdioac.en
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