椰子油脂肪酸季戊四醇酯的制备.pdf

2013年第38卷第3期
中国油脂
油化
椰子油脂肪酸季戊四醇酯的制备
何节玉1,廖德仲2,秦玉华,占达东,陈智伟
(1.黥州学院理工学院,海南三亚572022;2.湖南理工学院化学化工学院,湖南岳阳414000)0
摘要:以子油脂肪酸(CFA)和季茂四醇(PE)为原料,对甲苯磺酸为催化剂,甲本为带水剂,通过
回流分水酯化法合成椰子油脂肪酸季成四醇酯。获得优化反应条件为:催化剂对甲苯碱酸用量
3%(以反应物质量为基准),酸醇物质的量比4.4:1,带水剂甲苯用量40%(以反应物质量为基
准),反应温度150℃,反应时间3h。在此优化条件下,酯化率为97.2%。产物结构经FT-R光
语证实为椰子油脂肪酸季成四醇酯(四酯),产物的酸值(KOH)为0.62mg/g,皂化值(KOH)为
254.9mg/g,可作为生产绿色酯类润滑油的基础油
关键词:绿色润滑油;榔子油脂肪酸;李成四醇;制备
中图分类号:1T645;THI17.2文献标志码:A文章编号:1003-7969(2013)03-0047-04
Preparation of coconut oil fatty acid pentaerythritol ester
HE Jieyu, LIAO Dezhong",QIN Yuhua, ZHAN Dadong, CHEN Zhiwei
(1. School of Science and Technology, Qiongzhou University, Sanya 572022, Hainan, China;
2. College of Chemistry &Chemical Engineering, Hunan Institute of Science and
Technology, Yueyang 414000, Hunan, China)
Abstract oco il fatty acid ntae hi ol eter was prepared hugh the esterification of coconut oil
fatty acid and pentaerythritol with p-toluene sulfonic acid as catalyst and toluene as water-entrainer
The optimal reaction conditions were as follows: catalyst dosage 3%(based on the mass of reactants
molar ratio of coconut oil fatty acid to pentaerythritol 4.4: I, water-entrainer toluene dosage 40%(based
on the mass of reactants ) reaction temperature 150C and reaction time 3 h. The esterification rate was
97.2% under the optimal reaction conditions, and the chemical structure of the esterification product was
confirmed by FT -IR. The acid value and saponification value of the product were determined as 0.62
mgkoh/g and 254. 9 mg KOH/g, respectively. The roduct could be used as base oil for green lubricants
production
Key words: green lubricant; coconut oil faty acid; pentaerythritol; preparation
传统矿物润滑油为石油产品,在生物圈中的降技术性能与矿物油相当。菜将油曾作为船用蒸汽发
解率仅为10%~33%,易在环境中大量积聚,对水动机的润滑油3,也有用植物油与合成油制成混合
体、土壤产生严重的污染。随着人们环保意识的润滑油的报道, Jayadas 2等则直接将椰子油用作
日益増强和“后石油时代”的到来,研发可再生、易二冲程发动机的润滑油。然而植物油有易氧化、易
生物降解的绿色润滑油备受关注2。植物油是可热分解,低温流动性差等缺陷?。它易氧化是由于
再生资源,在环境中能快速、完全降解,无生态毒性
天然油脂巾多含不饱和脂肪酸?;它易热分解是油
脂分子中甘油的B-H所致?,热分解的产物之
收稿日期:2012-07-08;修回日期:2012-12-24
基金项目:三亚市院地科技合作项目(201YD2);海南省自是末端烯烃,烯烃容易聚合,导致使用过程中黏度升
然科学基金项目(5111)
高,并伴随有沉淀粒子产生。通过酯交换,用不含
作者简介:何节玉(1958),男,副教授.博十.主要从事有机B-H的新戊基多元醇(如季戊四醇)置换植物油分
催化合成与纳米材料研究(E-mail)jyhe555163.como
子中的甘油,可克服其易热分解的缺陷“-;通过环
万方数据