凡纳滨对虾人工授精技术初步研究.pdf

南方农业学报 IOURNAL OF SOUTHERN AGRICULTURE2014,45(3):489-493
ISSN 2095-1191: CODEN NNXAAB
hllp://www.nlnyxb.cn
D)O1:10.3969/j:isn.,2095-1191.2014.3.489
凡納滨对虾人工授精技术初步研究
张彬,韦嫔媛,陈晓汉,熊建华,赵永贞,杨彦豪,谢达祥
广西水产科学研究院广西水产遺传育种与健康养殖重点实验室,南宁530021)
摘要:【目的)筛选出有效的凡纳滨对虾人工授精方法,为后续的雌核发育诱导研究奠定基础。【方法以受精率和
幼体孵化率为考核指标,探讨外体精卵结合授精法、精移植法、精液移植法等不同人工授精技术对凡纳滨对虾繁育
效果的影响。结果体外精卵结合授精法在各处理组均无幼体成功孵出,但在精子密度为2x10个兀和卵子密度为300
枚,且在卵排出1min内完成授精操作时,可获得相对较高的受精率(6.67%)。在精液移植法中,发现精炭在8℃恒温
条件下保存3h内进行授精操作,仍可获得一定的受精率和幼体孵化率,超过3h后则无法实现受精:精保存温度以
8~16℃为宜,保存温度升至25℃时则无法实现受精。3种人工授精技术中,以精液移植法的受精率和幼体孵化率最
高,分判为52.33%和12.35%,其次是精荚移植法,体外精卵结合授精法的效果最差,无幼体孵出。【结论精液移植法是
凡納滨对虾最有效的人工授精方法,但精保存时间不宜超过3h,且应在雌虾排卵后1~2min完成挤精荚和?推释放
精子溶液,同时可添加预先收集浓缩制备好的卵水溶液,以提高凡纲滨对虾的人工授精效率。
关键词:凡纲滨对虾;精卵结合授精法;精荚移植法;精液移植法;受精率;幼体孵化率
中图分类号:S945.46
文献标志码:A
文章编号:2095-1191(2014)03-0489-05
Preliminary study on artificial insemination techniques for
Litopenaeus vannamei
ZHANG Bin, WEI Pin-yuan, CHEN Xiao-han, XIONG Jian-hua, ZHAO Yong-zhen
YANG Yan-hao. XIE Da-xian
Guangxi Key Laboratory of Aquatic Genetic Breeding and Healthy Aquaculture, Guangxi Academy of Fishery Sciences
Nanning 530021 China
Abstract: Objective]Effective artificial insemination methods for litopenaeus vannamei were sereened out to provide
references for the subsequent gynogenetic induction research. Method With fertility rate and hatching rate as evaluation in
dexes, the effects of fertilization in vitro spermatophore transplantation and semen transplantation on the breeding efficiency of
Litopenaeus vannamei were compared. [Result The results indicated thal no larva was hatched from all treatments in this ex-
periment, but relatively high fertility rate ( 6.67%)could be gained under sperm density of 2x10,and unfertilized egg density
of 300 individua within unfertilized egg effuxtime time of I min In semen transplantation method, certain fertilization rate
and hatching rate could be obtained with spermatophore at 8C preservation and insemination operating within 3 h. Fertiliza
tion failed to achieve under more than 3 h. The appropriate spermatophore storage temperature was 8-16 C. Fertilization could
not be achieved above 25 C. Among the three kinds of artificial insemination methods, semen transplantation method had the
highest fertilization rate and hatching rate, which was 52. 33% and 12.35%, respectively. It was followed by spermatophore
transplantation method, and vitro fertilization method was the lowest with no nauplius hatched out. Conclusion)Semen trans
plantation was the most effective artificial insemination method for Litopenaeus vannamei, and the spermatophore storage time
should not exceed 3 h Spermatophore extrusion and sperm solution release should be performed within 1-2 min after ovulation
Meanwhile the prepared egg collection solution could be added to improve the artificial insemination rate
Key words litopenaeus vannamei; egg-sperm binding insemination method; spermatophore transplantation; semen
transplantation; fertility rate; larva hatching rate
收稿日期:2014-01-06
基金项目:国家产业技术体系岗位科学家经项目(CARS-47-03B,CARS-47-02B):现代农业产业技术体系心西南美白对
创新团队建设专项项目( nyeytxgxextd-03-14-2);广西科学研究与技术开发计划项目(桂科攻11107012-1-1);广西直
属公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项项目(2060302CXIF-2011-03)
作者简介:*为通讯作者,谢达祥(1966-),高级工程师,主要从事对虾种繁育与健康养殖技术研究工作,E-mail: oxdxxie@sina
com。张彬(1980-)