烷基苯磺酸盐Gemini的合成与性能.pdf

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2009年第28卷第9期
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
1635
研究开发
烷基苯磺酸盐 Gemini的合成与性能
蔡明建',张明杰,马朋高2
(1天津大学理学院化学系,天津300072;2中国石油兰州化工研究中心,甘肃兰州730060)
摘要:以十二烷基苯、二氯甲烷、1,2-二氯乙烷、三乙醇胺、NaOH等为原料,经-克烷基化反应、磺化及中
和反应,合成出4种不同结构的烷基苯磺酸盐 Gemini表面活性剂异栒体,用FTIR和HNMR鉴定了中间产品的
结构,用滴体积法测定表面活性剂水溶液25℃时的表面张力,确定了临界胶東浓度(CMC),并对其在乳液聚合中
的应用做了研究。结果表明増加侧链烷基或桥链基碳原子的个数,表面活性判的CMC和Ycwc减小,三乙醇胺中和
形成的烷基苯磺酸盐表面张力值最小;随着乳化剂浓度增加,乳胶粒子平均粒径减小,平衡时间缩短,转化率提高
关键词:傳-克烷基化; Gemini;表面张力;临界胶東浓度;乳液聚合
中图分类号:TQ423文献标识码:
文章编号:1000-6613(2009)09-1635-04
Synthesis and surface properties of alkylbenzenesulfonate salts Gemini
CAI Mingjian ZHANG Mingjie, MA Penggao
( School of Science, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, China Lanzhou Petrochemical Research Center, Petrochina
Lanzhou 730060, Gansu, China)
Abstract: Four isomers of alklybenzenesulfonate salts, Gemini surfactants, were synthesized from
dodecylbenzene, triethanolamine, dichloromethane, 1, 2-dichloroethane and sodium hydroxide through
a three-step process, which involves Fried-crafts reaction, sulfonation and neutralization. The structures
of intermediates were characterized by FTIR and H NMR. The surface tension of dilute aqueous
solution of the product was measured at 25 C by drop-volume method, and then the critical micell
concentration(CMC)was determined. One of the Gemini surfactants was employed as emulsifier in
emulsion polymerization. The results indicated that the cmc decreases with increasing the carbon atoms
in the side alkyl or the bridge chains. It was also found that the surface tension value of Gemini
surfactent neutralized with triethanolamine is the lowest in all the alklybenzenesuifonate salts. With the
increase of emulsifier concentration, the latex particle size reduces in average, the polymerization
equilibrium is improved and the conversion is increased
Key words: Fried-crafts reaction: Gemini; surface tension; CMC; emulsion polymerization
烷基苯磺酸盐类表面活性剂具有较好的降低剂。这种新型表面活性剂打破了传统表面活性
油-水界面张力的能力,而且价格低廉,所以,烷剂单疏水基单亲水基的结构,使其具有比传统表面
基苯磺酸盐类表面活性剂在提高石油采收率方面得活性剂更为优良的性能?。本工作以十二烷基苯为
到了广泛的研究和应用2引。近年来,新型表面活主要原料,合成了4种烷基苯磺酸盐 Gemini表面活
性剂 Gemini表面活性剂,正逐渐成为国际胶体科
学和相关领域的研究热点阿。Gemi表面活性剂是收稿日期:209-03-2:修改稿日期:20-04-15
第一作者简介:蔡明建(1974-),男,博士研究生。联系人:张明
指具有两个亲水基和两个疏水基,在亲水基或靠近本,博士,教授,研究方向为有机合成化学。电语022-27406032
亲水基处,由连接基团通过化学键联接的表面活性E- mail mjzhangt(o163com