电解法制备鳞片状锌粉.pdf

第16卷第1期
粉末冶金材料科学与工程
2011年2月
Vol 16 No
Materials Science and Engineering of Powder Metallurgy
Feb 2011
电解法制备鳞片状锌粉
秦爱玲,曹华珍,尉成栋,郑国渠
浙江工业大学化学工程与材料学院,杭州310032)
摘要:在ZnCl2+NH4CI+NHH2O电解液中采用电流密度为1200A(m2的恒电流制备鳞片状锌粉。通过ⅹ射线
衍射分析(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM),以及电化学测试研究锌粉的形貌结构及电结晶过程。实验结果表明,在1200
A/mn2电流密度下恒电流电解所制备的锌粉呈鳞片状结构,鳞片状锌颗柆的长径约2~3um,厚度小于0.2m。电
解液中氨水浓度增大时,形核速率减小,不利于获得细小晶粒:Zn2质量浓度在10~30gL范围内,晶核的形成
速率随Z乙n2浓度増加而増大:NH4C浓度对形核速率影响较小。在电解液中加入淀粉类添加剂,可显著提高新晶
核的形成速率,有利于制备更细的电解锌粉。
关键词:电解;鳞片状:锌粉;电结晶;添加剂
中图分类号:TF813;TQ630
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1673-0224(2011)1-80-06
Electrochemical preparation of squamous zinc powder
QIN Ai-ling, CAO Hua-zhen, WEI Cheng-dong, ZHENG Guo-qu
( College of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Zhejiang University of Technology, Hangzhou 310032, China)
Abstract: Squamous zinc powder was prepared in Zn12+ NH C+NH HO aqueous solution by galvanostatic electrolysis
The structure, surface morphology and electrocrystallization process of zinc powder were investigated by X-ray
diffraction(XRD), field emission scanning electron microscopy(FESEM), and electrochemistry analyzer, respectively
The results show that the zinc powder prepared at 1 200 A/m has a squamous structure with long diameter of 2-3m
and thickness of 0.2 pm. The nucleation rate of zinc powder is low at high ammonia concentration, which is not
beneficial to obtain fine grains. With the content of Zn ions increasing from 10 to 30 g/L, the nucleation rate can be
improved. The concentration of NH CI has little effect on zinc electrocrystallization. It appears that the addition o
starchy additives can remarkably enhance the nucleation rate, which leads to form finer zinc powder
Key words: squamous zinc powder; electrochemical preparation; electrocrystallization; additi
鱗片状锌粉主要用于配制各种水溶性无机盐涂振动球磨、高能球磨等。球磨法设备较简单,研磨效
料、无机富锌涂料和非电解性金属防腐涂料,在汽车、果好,产品合格率较高,但工艺复杂,目前国内研究者
家电、船舶、桥梁、交通、航空、车事、电力、治金、采用球磨法制备的鳞片状锌粉大多片径在10~15um
化工等行业得到广泛应用,附加价值高,市场需求大,之间,片厚在0.4~1.0um之间?。在国外作为达克罗
是1种因家急需开发的对国民经济有重要支撑作用的涂料最主要成分的鏻片状锌粉的制备主要采用冷轧微
功能性新型粉体材料。鳞片状锌粉生产一般有3种方小锌片法?,但由于技术保密,目前国内尚无能力采
法:1)蒸馏法リ。所得锌粉细,活泼金属含量高:2)爆用这种方法生产,国际上也只有少数儿个国家能生
炸法叫。用此方法制备的粉末纯度高,但生产效率低,产,如日本公司专有鱗片状锌粉的生产技术,锌粉粒
能耗大,成本高,适用于制作试验室用的化学试剂
径为4~5um,厚0.1~0.3um。因此研制出该规格的
3)球磨法]。按磨制方式可分为搅拌磨、转筒球磨、鳞片状锌粉已成为打破技术封锁、满足达克罗涂料生
基金项目:浙江省重大科技专顼基金资助项日(2006C13068)
收稿日期:2010-03-09:修订日期:2010-05-06
通讯作者:郑国果,教授,博士。电话:0571-88320429:E-mail:zhenggao@zjut.edu.cn