禽流感病毒疫苗研究进展.pdf

南方农业学报 ournal of Southern Agrir?2014,45(8):1492-1497
INN 2(75-15: (D)N \XAA5
DOL:10.39695:1s51.2095-1191.2014.8.1492
禽流感病毒疫硏究进展
谭伟….谢丽基.谢艺勋1
(广两善医研究所疒西高禽疫苗新拉术重点实验家。尚宁53011:2美司立ア生研究院癌症研究
弗德克马里兰21702)
摘要:疫曲接仍然是防禽流感的最有效措施之目前有紧急接和、防接、系统接神及替代接和等4
种常见形式。禽流感疫的的主要类型包括灭活全病莓疫的、单位度、重病毒载休度的、DNA度的、复制缺陷
形度苗、病壽样颕粒妝苜通用疫苗等,影啊￡允效果的因素有免原选择及佐剂类型、病昇、决策机构的
反应速度、免疫覆盖率、苗质量及稳定性、遗传结构及机体免疫状态、加强免疫方案等。繁丁传統禽流感疫苗不
能刈不同亚型禽流感ガ(AIV)受异株提供交叉保护、.所使用的油佐剂副作用较大、对动物机体损伤较
,今后应加强研制新型免疫佐剂及其他更安全高效的新型度出来弥补现们禽流感疫的不足
关键词:禽流感毒(AIV);疫苗;类型;影响因素;兔没效果
中图分类号:S852.5
文献标志码:A
文章编号:2095-1191(2014)08-1492-06
Research updates of vaccines against avian influenza virus
TAN Wei", XIE Li-ji, XE Zhi-xun
(Cuangxi Key Labor ory of nimal eins and Diagnosis, Gugi iny Resa eh Institule amming 530001
China; Cencer Rwscwrel Imslilulc, Nlion Insilulc f Cwlth, Frederick, Marland 21702. USA)
date. there are for types of commonly-nsed vaccination strategies: emerge Preven influenza vils infeclierls
vaccination, preventive vaf liation,
systematic vaccination, and alterative vaccination. The major types of avian influenza vaccines include inactivate
Vaccines. subunit vaceines recombinal virus veclor vaccines, DNA vaceines, virus-lile pintel vaceines and un
versal vaccines. The factors that influence the fray of vines incl selection of immunogens, com mational Is
of adjuvants viral antigenic variations, response speed from decision-makers, coverage of vaccination, quality and
stability of vaccines, genetic make-up and immue salus, us well as prime-boosl strategies. Traditional avi n it
Mie ears ines rennel pride cross-proleeim insl ifferen subtypes of avian influen vimses and the ml n
trains of avian influenza vinse. The oil-formmlated vae ines ince more side effects, and case relatively severe
Image Lo annals. More research should be focused on developmenl of novel adjuvants with improved safely and in
unity as well as allier sale, elec live and novel vac ines lo comnpersale Iur Ie weakness of currenly used avian it-
Ky words: avium influenza virus: vaccines; Lype; influencing lalor; imnune elect
5
Kawaoka,2006)。根据其在6周能鸡静脉内致病指
根据基质蛋白和核蛋心的不同,可将流感病蒜分数的不同,义可将禽流感病( Avian influenza virus,
为A、B、C三神垇别:B型利和C型流感病正要感染
AIV)分为高致性( I lighly pathogenic Alv, IIPAV)
类,而A型流感病毒不仅能感染人类及某乳动物,和低致病性( Low pathogenic Alv, LPAIV)两种和( Alcan-
还可以感染野生向类、水禽和家禽等(1 morimoto and. der,2008: Munster and Fouchier,2009)。日前,普遍认
收稿日期:2014-(01-07
基金项目:广西特聘专专填项日(2011BO20);广西白然科学基金重点日(2013( GXNSFD)A01905)
作者简介:“为通讯作者、芝动(1963-),研究员,主要从事畜禽仮染病分子生物学研究工作,上-mail:xiezhikun(126.com,谭作
(1956-),博关国高访回学者、主要从事病毒分子生物学研究工作,F-mail: Weitang(163.0
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