应用丙森锌、吡虫啉防治辣椒、烟草黄瓜花叶病、烟草花.pdf

湖南农业大学
上学位论文
成相内森锌、吡虫啉防治辣椒、烟草黄瓜花叶病、草花叶
技术研究
姓名:康听东
中请学位级别:倾上
专业:农药学
指教师;何
20050)501
摘要
病毒病是各种农作物主要病害之一,其危害逐年上升,特别是辣椒、烟草等
作物黄瓜花叶病、烟草花叶病已严重威胁到其产量与质量。黄瓜花叶病是一类特
殊的病害,其传播与介体昆虫有关。在制定防治策略时,都把防治介体昆虫作为
种主要的手段。吡虫啉对刺吸式口器害虫效果好,持效期长,可减少介体昆虫
传毒的机会。丙森锌是…种保护性的杀菌剂,富含作物可利用的锌。本文应用丙
森锌、吡虫啉联合防治辣椒、烟草黄瓜花叶病、烟草花叶病,取得以下实验结果
(1)辣椒幼苗4叶期接种黄瓜花叶病毒后,超氧化物酶活力都下降,过氧化
物酶,多酚氧化酶的活力都是先上升再下降。辣椒叶通过吸收丙森锌中络合态的
锌,能增强超氧化物酶的活力,能对过氧化物酶的活力有些调节作用,但对多酚
氧化酶的活力变化没有明显的影响。
(2)硫酸锌处理辣椒叶片中的锌含量为最高,可是在果实中的锌含量较低
表明,硫酸锌的传导能力差,丙森锌有较好的传导效果,因而増强植株对病毒的
抵抗能力而提高辣椒产量。丙森锌、吡虫啉联合防治辣椒黄瓜花叶病、烟草花叶
病有一定的防治效果提供了理论根据。
3)通过喷施丙森锌、此虫啉对辣椒叶片中的叶绿素含量有很大的提高。
(4)丙痳锌和吡虫啉混用与吡虫啉单用对蚜虫的死亡率24h,48h分别高出
4.2%和19%,但是差异不显著。此虫啉、丙森锌联合施用能显著增加防治辣椒病
毒病的效果。
(5)烟草漂浮育茁法联合施用丙森锌、吡虫啉对黄瓜花叶病、烟草花叶病
的防治效果有明显的增效作用,通过丙森锌补锌,同时呲虫啉控制蚜虫对黄瓜花
叶病毒的传播。烟草两段育苗法联合应用丙森锌、吡虫晽防治烟草花叶病不如病
春必克,硫酸锌处理的防治效果不如丙森锌对黄瓜花叶病、烟草花叶病的防治效
果
关键词:丙森锌;吡虫啉;辣椒;烟草;酶;蚜虫;防治效果
Abstract
Virus disease is one of the major diseases threatening agricultural plants. It's
increasing in destruction, especially on pepper and tobacco plants. Their quantity and
quality are damaged severely. CMV is a special one from the point that they are
carried and spread by insects. When considering control strategy on virus disease
insects are an important target. Imidacloprid can achieve good and lasting effect on
control of piercing-sucking insects, thus reducing the chance of plants infected by
hese insects carrying virus. Propineb is a protective fungicide and rich in free Zn
This experiment blend used Propineb and Imidacloprid against pepper and tobacco
virus. The results is mainly as following
I Afler being Infected by CMV, SOD activity lower, While POD and PPO
activity go up and turn down then. It is through absorbing the combined Zn in
Propineb, that the SOD activity in pepper leaf get enhanced and POD adjusted. But
this process has no significant effect on PPO activity
2. Znso4 can significantly influence the Zn content in pepper leaf. The content in
pepper leaf is highest among all the other treatment. But the content in fruit indicates
that the transportation of Znso doesnt function well. While Propineb can greatly
help this transportation, consequently enhance plant yield and its resistance ability on
virus. This is part of the theoretical foundation for the combined application of
Propineb and Imidacloprid against pepper cucumber mosaic virus and tobacco mosaic
3. The content of chlorophyll increase through the spray of Imidacloprid and
Propineb
4. The death rate of aphis at 24h, 48h through combined application of
Imidacloprid and Propineb is 4.2% and 1% higher respectively than separate
application of Imidacloprid, though this effect is not significant. And the combined
application can also achieve better control effect on pepper and tobacco CMV&TMV.
5. Propineb and Imidacloprid blend application has noticeable addition effect on
CMV&TMV This is functioned in two ways: Propineb can supply plenty Zn to plants