甲壳素新型溶剂研究进展.pdf

石油化
2011年第40卷第3期
PETROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
327?
GGこG心
进展与述评
甲売素新型溶剂研究进展
刘廷国'2,查萍萍,李斌,汪江节2,陆志敏2,伍光辉2
(1.华中农业大学食品科技学院,湖北武汉430070;2.池州学院化学与食品科学系,安徽池州247100
3.池州市食品药品检验所,安徽池州247000
摘要]甲売素是重要的可再生生物质资源,但其难溶性限制了它的应用。综述了甲壳素溶剂的重要研究进展,包括钙溶剂和离
子液体等绿色溶剂以及浓碱一冻融循环处理溶解甲壳素的方法。钙溶剂和离子液体能在温和的条件下溶解甲壳素,对甲壳素结
构损伤较小,并且使用方便、无毒、对生态和环境友好,可用来制备能广泛用于生物医学或组织工程领域的水凝胶膜和支架材料,
对它们的深入研究有望推进甲壳素科学和绿色化学的发展;而浓碱一冻融循环处理因其快捷、方便、廉价、易控,有望成为一种有
效的甲壳素前处理手段。
关键词」甲壳素;生物质;绿色溶剂;均相溶液;钙溶剂;离子液体;浓碱一冻融循环
文章编号1000-8144(2011)03-0327-07
中图分类号」TQ047.8
文献标识码]A
Advance in Novel Solvents of Chitin
Liu Tingguo:2, Zha Pingping, Li Bin, Wang Jiangiie, Lu Zhimin, Wu Guanghui
(1. ollege of Food Scene a Technolo Hazon A cla n i n Hb43007 China 2 Depament of Chemistry and
Fodscience,ChizhouUniversiry,ChirhouAnhui24710,China;3.ChizhouInstiueforFodandDnugControl,hizhouAnhuil2470,hina)
Abstract Chitin is an ideal linear heteropolymer which is regarded as a high value-added, renewable
biomass resource. However, it is insoluble in water, diluted acid, alkaline solution and common organic
solvents. This strongly restricts its many applications. The important developments of the solvent system
for chitin were summarized in this article, includin calcium solvent, ionic liquid and a novel method as
alkali-freezing-thawing cyclic( FTC ) treatment for dissolving chitin. Chitin can easily be dissolved in
calcium solvent system and ionic liquid under mild conditions, and there is less structural damage to the
chitin molecules. Thcy can be used to prepare hydrogel membranes and scaffolds, which could be widely
applied in biomedical and tissue engineering fields. Moreover, the solvents are considered as convenient
non-toxic, ecological and environmentally friendly. The depth study of those novel solvents is expected
to promote the further development of chitin science and green chemistry. Furthermore, the FTC
treatment may be as an effective precursor for chitin modification, due to it has distinct advantages over
traditional methods, such as novel, rapid, efficient, convenient, easily controlled and low cost
L Keywords chitin; biomass; green solvent; homogeneous solution; calcium solvent; ionic liquid
alkali-freezing-thawing cycle
人类社会可持续发展对材料的环境友好性和可多糖,在碳和氮源循环中具有至关重要的作用3
再利用性的要求越来越高。具有生物可降解性、环
境协调性的天然高分子材料(如纤维素、甲壳素、淀{收稿日期2010-08-31;[修改稿日期!2010-12-31
粉等)必将成为世界各国竞相开发的热点2。
作者简介」刘延国(1982-),男,河南省南召县人,硕士,讲师,电
话13635661463,电邮liutg137@hotmail.com。联系人:李斌,电话
甲売素在自然界中产量仅次于纤维素,是地球136590,电邮 libinfood@ mail. hzau. cdu cn
上除蛋白质外含氮量最高的天然有机化合物,估计[基金项目]国家高技术研究发展计划项目(2007A102310);安徽
每年生物合成的甲壳素将近1×x10°Mt,是极其丰富
高等学校省级自然科学研究一般项目(KJ2011B110);池州学院化学
材料与工.程省级实验中心和材料学院级重点学科建设项目
的优良生物质资源,也是惟一大量存在的天然碱性(2011XK4)。