双氰胺改性酚醛泡沫塑料性能研究.pdf

第44卷,第2期
工程塑料应用
2016年2月
ENGINEERING PLASTICS APPLICATION
Feb.2016
doi:10.3969,iss,1001-3539.2016.072.004
双氰胺改性酚醛泡沫塑料性能硏究”
张立博,李东风,赵宝华,崔旭,侯瑞斌,柳翱
(长春工业大学化学与生命科学学院,长春130012)
摘要:针对酚醛泡沫塑料脆性大和强度低的缺点,采用双氰胺作为改性剂,对酚醛树脂及其泡沫塑料迸行了改性
研究,并将改性前后两种泡沫塑料的性能进行了对比。采用傅立叶变换红外光谱对酚醛树脂进行了结枃表征,通过
粉化率、冲去强度和压缩强度測试分析了改性酚醛泡沫塑料的脆性和力学性能,通过热失重分析了改性酚醛泡沫塑
料的热稳定性,并采用极限氧指数仪测定了政性酚醛泡沫塑料的阻燃性能。结果显示,当加入的双氣胺用置为苯酚
质量的3%时,改性酚醛泡沫塑料的综合性能最好,其压缩强度达到0.046MPa,冲击强度达到3.36kJ/mn2,粉化率
低至2.13%,极限氧指数达到38.5%。相对于纯酚醛泡沫塑料,双氣胺改性酚醛泡塑枏的力学性能有所提升,脆性
明显改善。在热稳定性方面,纯酚醛泡沫塑料在340℃时已明显失重,而3%双胺改性酚醛泡沫塑料在370℃后オ
开始快速失重,热稳定性更好。随着双胺用量的增加,政性酚醛泡沫塑料的极服氧指数增大,胆燃性能有所提高。
关键词:酚醛泡沫塑籵;双氣胺;改性;力学性能;热稳定性;且燃性能
中图分类号:TQ323.1;TQ328.2文献标识码:A文章编号:1001-3539(20160)02-0018-05
Study on Properties of Phenolic Foam Plastics Modified by Dicyandiamide
Zhang Libo, Li Dongfeng, Zhao Baohua, Cui Xu, Hou Ruibin, Liu Ao
'School of Chemistry and Life Science, Changchun University of Technology, Changchun 130012, China)
Abstract: For the brittleness and low strength of phenolic foam plastics, dicyandiamide(DICY )as modifying agent was
adopted to prepare phenolic resin and phenolic foam plastics. The performances of the modified phenolic foam plastics were
compared with the unmodified phenolic foam plastics. The Fourier transformation infrared spectroscopy was used to test the
structures of the phenolic resins, the brittleness and mechanical properties of the phenolic foam plastics were tested by pulverization
rate, impact strength and compressive strength, the thermogravimetic analysis was used to test the thermostability, and the limited
oxygen index was tested to show the flame retardant properties of the phenolic foam plastics. The results show that the modified
phenolic foam plastic has the best performance when DI Y content is 3% of phenol mass, the compressive strength is 0.046 Mpa
the impact strength is 3.36 KJ/m, the pulverization rate is 2. 13% and the limited oxygen index is 385, which are improved
dramatically compared with the pure phenolic foam plastic. The thermogravimetic analysis shows that the pure phenolic foam plastic
has obvious weightlessness at 340C, however, the phenolic foam plastic modified by 3% DICY begins to loss weight obvious.
after 370, which means better thermostability. As the addition of DICY, the limited oxygen index is increased, the flame retardant
properties of modified phenolic foam plastics are improved
Keywords phenolic foam plastic dicyandiamide modification; mechanical property thermal stability; flame retardant
property
在过去的几十年里,传统的墙体保温材料采用烧级别可达到B1级,属难燃级别,但酚醛泡沫塑料
的是聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料板,俗称苯板,由于这种泡沫存在脆性较大和力学性能差的缺点,这在一定程度
塑料保温板易燃,不能起到良好的阻燃隔热作用,致上限制了它的应用,因此改善酚醛泡沫塑料的强度
使火灾屡有发生,造成很大损失。酚醛泡沫塑料的与脆性成为一个亟待解决的问题,同时若能通过
个显著优点是阻燃性好,而且燃烧时低烟,无滴落些改性使其难燃程度进一步提高,则更有利于其广
物。因此,酚醛泡沫塑料是苯板材料的一种理想
吉林省科技厅资助项目(20110333
替代品。除此之外,酚醛泡沫塑料在航空航天、医疗
联系人:李东风,教授,博士生导师,主要从事高分子材料改性、
设施、体育设施和油井等方面亦有应用,主要也是起
有机合成研究
到保温隔热作用?。普通酚醛泡沫塑料目前的燃
收稿日期:2015-11-26