电梯永磁电机曳引机速度性能优化控制研究.pdf

第34卷第3期
计算机仿真
2017年3月
文章编号:1006-9348(2017)03-0321-05
电梯永磁电机曳引机速度性能优化控制研究
韩方阵,李国勇,牛楠楠,郎曼
(太原理工大学信息工程学院,山西太原030024
摘要:现行的电梯永磁曳引机大都或通过增加外围辅助硬件,或采用高精度的驱动装置来提高电梯运行舒适度。显然上述
控制策略都增加了控制难度和制造成本。为了降低电梯制造成本,同时又不影响运行舒适度,提出了一种基于缓存选层信
号优化的电梯转子转速估测策略。针对经典同步电机模型强耦合、高阶次及非线性等特征,导致卡尔曼滤波器存在求解难、
滤波差等问题,建立新型的降阶扩展卡尔曼模型,简化求解过程,提高滤波效果。在用降阶卡尔曼滤波器估计转速时,引进
遗传算法对其测量噪声和内部噪声分别优化处理,有效地降低滤波器对噪声的敏感性。通过将基于缓存选层信号优化的转
速估测策略与经遗传算法优化的滤波器相结合,准确地估计出了转子转速、磁通角等关键信息,且能够在抱闸释放瞬间输出
理想的电磁转矩,从而提高了乘梯舒适性。最后,在仿真结果部分验证了所提策略的有效性。
关键词:选层信号;扩展卡尔曼滤波器;遗传算法;永磁同步电机
中图分类号:TM351文献标识码:B
Speed Performance Optimization Control of Permanent
Magnet Elevator Traction Machine
HAN Fang-zhen LI Guo-yong
College of Information Engineering, Taiyuan University of Technology, Taiyuan Shanxi 030024, China)
ABSTRACT: The existing elevator traction machine with permanent magnet synchronous motor(PMSM)mostly im
prove the comfort of elevator running either by increasing peripheral hardware or by using high precision driving de-
vce
it may increase the manufacturing cost. To reduce the manufacturing cost and not affect the comfort of the eleva
unning, a speed estimation based on buffered layer selection signal optimization strategy is proposed. For classi
cal synchronous motor model existing strong coupling, higher-order and non-linear characteristics, its solution is dif-
ficult to obtain and filtering effect of the EKM is poor. In order to overcome these mismatches, a novel reduced-order
EKM is used as the new filter. With reduced-order Kalman filter estimating speed, the genetic algorithm effectively
reducing filter sensitivity is introduced to optimize the measurement noise and internal noise. Therefore, by combining
the speed estimation based on buffered layer selection signal optimization strategy with the novel reduced-order EKM
the precise estimate information of the rotor speed and the flux angle can be obtained. Moreover, ideal electromagnet
ic torque generated by the motor can be quickly generated. So it can achieve superior riding comfort. Finally, simula-
tion results indicate that the proposed section strategy is very effective and reliable
KEY WORDS: Layer selection signal; EKM; Genetic algorithm; PMSM
引言
的技术?,基于模型参考自适应控制(MRAC)的技术4,以
近几年来,世界各地电梯安全事故频繁发生。因此,有及基于卡尔曼滤波器的方法(EKF)9等。这些方法大都
关高安全性、高舒适度和高效率的电梯驱动系统的研究越来因附加外部硬件,或者是本身对电机参数要求太高而难以推
越受到专家学者的青睐。尤其是有关高效新型永磁曳引机广使用。文献[6-9]通过数学推导建立新型降阶模型,并用
的控制策略更是层出不穷ッ。这些方法大致可以分为以下 Modelsim与Maub联合仿真,在一定范围内有所改善,但由
几类:基于反电动势(Back-EMF)技术り,基于机械物理性能于其复杂的数学推导及多系统联合仿真,无疑增加了实现难
针对以上传统控制方法中求解难度大、制造成本高等难
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(51075291)
题,提出了一种基于缓存选层信号优化的电梯曳引机估速模
收稿日期:2016-04-28修回日期:2016-05-23
型,用于对永磁曳引机转速及磁通角的控制进行估测。用遗
万方数据