乙烯直接氯化制二氯乙烷的工艺分析.pdf

石油化工
2015年第44卷第6期
PETROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
701
乙烯直接氯化制二氯乙烷的工艺分析
穆峣蕾,齐兰艺,贾春革,李斗星
(中国石化北京化工研究院,北京100013
摘要]采用300mL反应釜进行乙烯直接氯化的实验,对低温、中温和高温氯化3种乙烯直接氯化工艺的二氯乙烷选择性和系
统热负荷进行比较,考察NaCI助催化剂用量和乙烯与氯气的分压比对二氯乙烷选择性的影响。实验结果表明,与低温氯化工艺
相比,中温和高温氯化工艺ニ氯乙烷的选择性分别降低了约0.10%和0.25%,但系统热负荷与低温工艺相比从624.7kJh分别降至
304.1kUh和2652kJh;Na!助催化剂的加人可打破FeCl!的二聚体,当NaCl与FeC!的摩尔比为1:3时能明显提高二氯乙烷的选择
性;乙烯与氯气的分压比为125时,低温、中温和高温3种氯化工艺的二氯乙烷选择性分别可达到9900%,99.86%,9.81%。
关键词]乙烯直接氯化;二氯乙烷;氯化钠助催化剂;氯化铁催化剂
[文章编号」1000-8144(2015)06-0701-04
[中图分类号]TQ222
文献标志码]A
Process Analysis of the Direct Chlorination of Ethylene to Dichloroethane
Ma Xiaolei, Qi Lanzhi, ia Chunge, Li Douxing
(SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Beijing 100013, China)
I Abstract ]The direct chlorination of ethylene to dichloroethane was investigated in a 300 m
reactor. The influences of low temperature, medium temperature and high temperature on the
selectivity of dichloroethane and the heat duty of the reaction system were studied. The effects of the
Nacl cocatalyst dosage and partial pressure ratio of C H, to Cl on the selectivity were rearched. The
results showed that, compared with the low temperature process, the selectivity to dichloroethane
in the medium and high temperature processes decreased slightly by 0.10% and 0.25%, and the heat
duty of the reaction system were reduced from 624 7 KJ/h to 304.1 and 265.2 KJ/h, respectively. The
addition of the cocatalyst Nacl could break the dimer of Fe Cl, which led to the significant increase of
the selectivity to dichloroethane at the molar ratio of Nacl to Fecl; of 1: 3. When the partial pressure
ratio of C H% to Cl2 was 1. 25, the selectivities to dichloroethane in the three processes reached
99.90%, 99. 86% and 99. 81%, respectively
I Keywords J direct chlorination of ethylene; dichloroethane; sodium chloride cocatalyst; ferric
chloride catalyst
平衡氧氯化法是目前世界上主要采用的氯乙等原因没有工业化。液相法生产工艺采用液相二氯
烯生产工艺,具有规模大、利于环保、经济性能乙烷为介质,以FeCl,或其络合物为催化剂,由氯
佳等特点。该工艺主要由乙烯直接氯化、乙烯氧气和乙烯鼓泡通过液层进行反应生成二氯乙烷
氯化、二氯乙烷精馏和裂解等工艺单元组成。其该反应为气液非均相反应。根据反应温度的不同,
中,乙烯直接氯化合成二氯乙烷是平衡氧氯化法生直接氯化可分为低温氯化4-3、中温氯化6?和高
产氯乙烯工艺中的一个重要单元2。
温氯化89工艺,有必要对这3种直接氯化工艺进
乙烯直接氯化反应分为气相法和液相法。气行比较。
相法目前还只停留在实验室阶段,因反应选择性差
本工作在实验室装置上进行乙烯直接氯化的
[收稿日期]2014-11-19;[修改稿日期]2015-02-28。
[作者简介]穆晓蕾(1981-),女,辽宁省锦州市人,硕土,工程师,电话010-59202257,电邮muxl.bihy@sinopec.coms