三烷基苯磺酸盐的合成与表面性能研究.pdf

第34卷第2期
化学工业与工程技术
Val 34 No. 2
2013年4月
Journal of Chemical Industry Engineering
三烷基苯磺酸盐的合成与表面性能研究
芦艳,张广洲,卢大山,马征,巩雪,和树立
(东北石油大学化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318)
摘要:为了研究三直链烷基苯磺酸钠的分子结构与表面活性之问的关系,以3,4-二甲基-4-氯苯
为原料,经格林试剂交叉耦合反应、氢碘酸改进法还原反应、磺化反应以及中和反应等步骤,合成∫2种
不同烷基长碳链的三直链烷基苯磺酸钠(分别记为a和b)、产物的总收率达45%~53%。用两相滴定
法测定产物的纯度均大于9%,并用红外光谱进行了结构鉴定。25℃时用滴体积法测定表面活性剂a
和b水溶液的表面张力和临界胶束浓度(emc),分别为31.15mN/m,25.48mV/m和3.28x10'mol/
8.13x10-moML。结果表明,随着长碳链碳原子数的增加,表面活性剂的cmc逐衡减小,临界胶束浓
度下的表面张力(ym)逐渐增大。
关键词:三烷碁苯磺酸盐表面活性剂格林试剂氢碘酸还
中图分类号:TQ247.5文献标识码:A文章编号:1006-7906(2013)02-0041-04
Study on synthesis of trialkylbenzene sulfonates and surface properties
LU Yan, ZHANG Guangzhou, LU Dashan, MA Zheng, GONG Xue, HE Shuli
Northeast Petroleum University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering
Daqing 163318, Chnia)
Abstract: In order to study the relalionship between the molecular structure and surface activity of sodium 3 linear alkylbenzene
suonate, two kinds of sodium 3 linear alkylbenzene sul onate(denoted as a and b) with different carbon chain of alkyl are synthesize
using 3, 4-dimethy1-4-chlorobemzene as raw material, and after some processes including cross-coupling reaction of Grignard reagent
hydriodic acid improved act of reduction reaction, sulfonation reaction and neutralization reaction. The total yield of the product is 45%
53%. The puri of the produ s are both more than 99 by tw-phase itration method, and the structural identification is conduc
ted with infrared spectroscopy The surface tension and eritical micellar eoneentration(cmc) of the aqueous solution of surfactant a and
b are measured by drop volume method at 25 C, which is 31. 15 m/m, 25.48 MN/m and 3.28"mol/L, 8.13 x10 mol/L
respec ively. The results show that with the number of carbon atoms of the long carbon chain increasing, the eme of the two surfactants
decreases gradually, and the surfaee tension under cmc(yeas )increases gradually
Key words: Trialkylbenzene suloute; Surfactant; (Grignard reagent; Hydroiodic acid reduction
降低油水的界面张力是驱油剂的主要原理之用表面活性剂是进口的石油磺酸盐ORS-41,该表
一,烷基苯磺酸盐类表面活性剂因具有较好的降低面活性剂价格昂贵,其主要成分是各种烷基苯磺酸
油-水界面张力的能力,且来源广泛、价格低廉,盐的混合物'24,其中单、多支链烷基苯磺酸盐占
成为国内外三次采油用量最大的表面活性剂之50%左右。因此,研究烷基苯磺酸盐表面活性剂的
2“3。目前,国内外的研究大多集中在直链烷基合成和性质,可为三次采油用重烷基苯磺酸盐表面
苯磺酸盐或苯环上的1个烷基有分支的苯磺酸活性剂的复配提供理论依据
盐6?,而对多支链的烷基苯磺酸盐的研究较少,加
之生产这类表面活性剂的原油成分复杂、来源不同,收稿日期:202-11-26。
使烷基苯磺酸盐的分子结构和组成极为复杂,不易作者简介:芦艳(1968-),女、龙江大庆人,博士后,教授,主要从
分离提纯。国内大庆油田用得较好的三次采油事表面活性剂、膜法水分离技术和环境化学等方面的研究。
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