生物降解木质素的研究进展.pdf

第5卷第10期
食品安全质量检测学报
Vol 5 No 10
2014年10月
Journal of Food Salcly and Quality
cL..20)14
生物降解木质素的研究进展
(北京市生物加工过程重点实验室,北京化工大学生命科学与技术学院,北京10009
摘要:随着石化资源日益枯竭和我国国情实际情况、第二代生物质能源研发十分迫切。清洁高效降解自然界
中第二大丰富的木质素资源亟待解决。相比物理和化学方法,生物降解木质素因专一性强和环境友好等特点最
具发展优势。本文简单综述了真菌和细菌微生物降解木质素的几种途径,指出多组学(如蛋白组学、转录组学
和代谢组学)技术是剖析微生物降解木质素分子机制的有力手段,为生物降解木质素及其高效利用提供借鉴和
参考
关鍵词:木质素:生物降解;分子机制
Progress on lignin bio-degradation
(Beiiing Key 1.boratory of Bioces.s, ollege of Life cience and echnolog, Beijing niver ity of hemica/ echnolog
Beijing 100029, China)
ABSTRACT: With the dwindling supplies of oil bascd [ucls and real situations in China, il is very urgent ane
crucial to develop the second generation biofuels from renewable biomass Lignin ranks second only to cell
lose filaments as the abundant and renewable source in nature. There are consideration interests in the utiiza
tion of lignin for production of blocncrgy and renewable chemicals. Compared with chcmical and physical Ic
thods, lignin biodegradation via microorganisms shows a promising trends with the signilicant characters o
mild conditions, friendly environment and strong specificity. The review briefly presents lignin bio-breakdown
pathway via fungi and bacterial microorganims, and the molccular mechnism of lignin bio-degradation is clu-
cidated Irom the view of mulli-omics approach, such as proteomics, transcriptome and metabonomics. It pro
vides new insights on lignin biodegradation in microorganisms as well as its applications
KEY WORDS: lignin; bio-degradation; molecular mechanism
计.全世界每年排出1.5-1.8亿吨工业木质素,利用率却不
足1%,其他均被排放,既浪费资源又污染环境?。因此,
随着石化资源的日益枯竭和燃烧所带来的环境污染高效利用丰富的木质素资源已经成为现实必然和历史趋
问题,以生物质为原料,生产绿色化学品和燃料是我国经势。近年来,木质素化学的深入研究为其生物炼制”奠定
济持续发展和结构转型的必然要求。木质素资源相当丰了良好的结构基础“。理论上、木质素完全可降解成苯基
富.仅次于纤维素含量.占生物质干重15%-30%。据统类和酚基类等小分子,制备高附价值化学品和燃料。由于
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(21476016
Iund: Supported by the National Natural Science I'oundation of China (21476016)
通讯作者:刘云,教授,主要研究方向为生物炼制和面工程。T-mail:liuyun(@mail.buc.cdu.cn
Corresponding author: LIU Yun, Irofcssor, College of Life Scicncc and Technology. Beijing Univcrsity of Chcmical Tcchnology, No 15 Bci
sanhuan East Road Chaoyan District, Beijing100029, China. Email: liuyun(comal buct. cdu. on