微绿球藻油脂提取方法的优化.pdf

CHINA OUS AND FATS
2012Va.37No.5
油脂加工
微绿球藻油脂提取方法的优化
壮晓风,邹宁,孙东红
(东大学生命科学学院,山东烟台264025
摘要:为了提高後藻油脂的提取率,以微绿球藻藻粉为原料,比较了不同提取剂、破壁方法、提取时
间以及提取温度等因素对徽藻油脂提取率的影响。单因素实验结果表明:所用提取剂中工业酒精
的提取率最高;破壁方法中反复冻融破壁提取率最高,超声波次之;提取率随着提取时间的延长而
增大,当提取时间大于2h后,提取率无明显差异;提取率随着提取溫度的升高而增大,当提取温度
大于55℃后,提取率增大的幅度减小。正交实验优化的徼藻油脂提取最佳工艺条件为:以工业酒
精为提取,反复冻融法破壁,在65℃水溶中提取2h,可获得較高的提取率,提取率为34.62%。
关键词:微绿球藻;油脂;反复冻融;超声波
中图分类号:TQ642;:TK63
文献标志码:A
文章编号:1003-7969(2012)05-0010-03
Optimization on oil extraction from Nannochloropsis oculata Droop
DU Xiaofeng, ZOU Ning, SUN Donghong
(College of Life Science, Ludong University, Yantai 264025, Shandong, China
Abstract: In order to improve the extraction rate of algae oil, the powder of Nannochloropsis elata Drool
was used as raw material and the effects of different solvents. fragmentation ways. extraction time and ex
traction temperature on the extraction rate of algae oil were compared. The results of single factor experi
ments showed that the highest extraction rate was obtained from industrial alcohol; in the fragmentation
ways, repeated freezing and thawing got the highest extraction rate, followed by ultrasonic; the extraction
rate increased with the inerease of extraction time, bul when the extraction lime was longer than 2 h
there was no significant difference among the extraction rates; the extraction rate increased with the in-
crease of temperature, but when the temperature was higher than 55 C, the increasing extent of extrac-
tion rate was decreased. The optimal extraction condition of algae oil was obtained by orthogonal test as fol
lows: ndust] alcohol used as oil extraction solvent, repeated freezing and thawing used as fragmentation
way, temperature 65C and time 2 h. The oil extraction rate reached 34.62% under the optimal condition
Key words: Nannochloropsis oculata Droop; oil; repeated freezing and thawing; ultrasonic
近年来,石油、煤炭等化石能源储量不断诚少,
微藻是最原始的生物之一,其种类繁多、分
油价攀升,能源短缺现象加剧,各国都在关注可再生布广泛,在一定条件下能将二氧化碳、碳水化合物、
能源的开发,微藻成为关注的焦点叫。微藻具有产碳氢化合物和普通油脂等碳源转化为体内的油脂。
油率高、生:长速度快、有益于环境等优点,且易于粉油脂含量超过生物总量20%的微型藻类称为产油
碎和干燥,预处理成本较低,加上具有较高价值的副微藻( Oleaginous microalgae),相应地,从产油微藻中
产物,使得徴藻生物柴油在价格上具有优勢,因而微提取的油脂称为微藻油脂。
藻被作为新一代的生物柴油原料2?。
目前,藻油脂提取常用的方法有氯仿一甲醇
法、超临界CO2萃取法(SCF-CO2)、索氏提取法、改
良的酸水解法?、乙醇法、有机溶剂法。,常用的
收稿日期:2011-09-09
作者简介:杜晓凤(1985),女,硕士研究生,研究方向为藻
提取剂有工业酒精、石油醚-乙醚?、氯仿-甲
的培养及活性物质的提取(E-mail)efeng000990163.coma
醇)、正己烷川等。油脂的提取是生物柴油制备
通信作者:邹宁,教授,博士(E--mail)mingzhou76@126.com
过程的重要环节,本实验以微绿球藻藻粉为原料,通
万方数据