基于峰值守恒法的油罐呼吸阀气通量计算.pdf

化
工
进展
2016年第35卷第4期
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
1017
研究开发
基于峰值守恒法的油罐呼吸阀气通量计算
康勇
(西安石油大学石油工程学院,陕西西安710065)
摘要:呼吸阀是减少油气排放量、保证储油罐使用安全性的必要措施之一。由于储油罐所处环境条件的不同,
罐内物性参数随时间而发生变化,増加了呼吸网设计条件的不确定性。彩响呼吸阀气通量的各种物理量是多种
多样的,其中温度变化是影喻呼吸阀气量的主要因素之一。本文以温度变化作为研究呼吸阀气通量的出发点
提出了新的呼吸阀气通量计算方法一峰值守恒法。即将气相与液相的质量变化过程视为一个独立的质量守恒
体,把该守恒体的气相介质分量变化过程作为研究对象,并设定其饱和蒸气压状态下的峰值变化过程为呼吸
气通量,利用质量守恒原则,推导出了呼吸阀气通量计算方法。该方法与目前常用的公式方法相比,其计算气
通量更接近实际情况,提高了呼吸阀的设计与选用的准确性。
关键词:储油罐;呼吸阀;油罐温度;油罐压力;气通;峰值守恒法
中图分类号:TE972文献标志码:A文章编号:1000-6613(2016)04-1017-05
DOI:10.1608/issn.1000613.2016.04.008
Calculation of the gas flow rate through breather valve based on the
method of peak mass conversation ( PMC
KANG Yong
(Petroleum Engineering College, Xi'an Shiyou University, Xi'an 710065, Shaanxi, China)
Abstract: It is one of the requirements to ensure an oil storage tank equipped with breather valves for
limiting its vented oil-gas capacity and keeping it in safety. As the variations of physical parameters
aused with the time by surroundings of the oil storage tank, the uncertainty of the design of breather
valves is increased. There are many physical parameters affecting the gas flow rate through valves
Temperature change is a main factor. Based on temperature variations, a new method, peak mass
conversation (PMC), was presented to calculate the gas flow rate through breather valve. The method
is referred to the mass change process of both gas phase and liquid phase as an independent mass
conservation, taken the gas phase component of the conservation as a research object, and determined
its peak gas flow rate under the saturated vapor pressure as the gas flow rate through breathing valve
By applying the principle of mass conservation, the formula for calculating gas flow rate through
breather valve was obtained. Compared to the common methods, the PMC is helpful to get actual
values as well as improves the accuracy of breather valve design and selection
Key words: oil storage tank; breather valve; tank temperature; tank pressure; flow rate; peak mass
conversation
为了防止由于油罐内气体压力的变化而给油罐止油罐因超压而损坏;或打开真空阍,使空气吸入
等储油设备带来的破坏作用,必须在储油罐上安装
有呼吸阀。当罐内气体压力增加或减小至油罐呼吸收稿日期:20310-08:修改稿日期:2015130
作者:康勇(1957~),男,硕士,教授,研究方向为流体机械及石油
阀设定极限压力时,泄压阀自动打开放出气体,防天然气储运工程。E-mailyang@xsy.edu.cn