双极膜制备及改性研究进展.pdf

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化工进展
2016年第35卷第1期 CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS8
157
Ceeco
综述与专论
双极膜制备及改性研究进展
刘颖,王建友
(南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071)
摘要:双极膜作为一种新型复合离子交换膜,以其独特的优点,为化工エ、环境科学和能源利用等领域中存在巴
久的诸多技术难题提供了新的思路和解决办法。目前,国内外关于双极膜的研究主要集中于通过对膜材料和中
间层的改性以促进双极膜的水解离,提高双极膜离子交换能カ和降低能耗等方面。本文介绍了热压成型法、黏
合成型法、流延成型法,含浸法等双极膜制备方法的原理、特点、应用实例和新进展,并对比分析了各种方法
的优势和存在的不足。同时,从膜材料改性和中间层改性两个方面对近年来双极膜的改性研究进行了重点讨论。
最后指出,国内多数双极膜的制各仍处于实验研究阶段,将接枝、共混、离子輻射等膜材料改性方法应用于双
极膜的制备中,同时寻找亲水性好、耐高温性能好的基膜材籵将是双极膜制备颌域的重要方向。
关键词:双极膜;离子交换膜;水解离;中间层
中图分类号:TB383
文献标志码:A文章编号:1000-6613(2016)01-0157-09
DOI:10.160851.iss.1000-6613.2016.01.021
Progress on preparation and modification of bipolar membrane
LIU Ying, WANG Jianyou
College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin 300071, China
Abstract: As a new type of composite ion-exchange membrane, bipolar membrane (BPM) has
provided new ideas and solutions for many long-standing problems in the fields of chemical
technology, environmental science and energy utilization for its unique advantages. At present
researches about BPM focus on promoting hydrolysis from bipolar membrane, improving the bipolar
membrane ion exchange capacity and reducing energy consumption by modification of membrane
materials and the middle layer. This paper reviewed the following techniques particularly: hot pressing
molding, bonded molding, cast molding and impregnation molding. The principle, applications
advantages and shortcomings of these techniques were analyzed. The modification of membrane
materials and the middle layer of BPM were mainly discussed. This paper indicated that the majority of
domestic studies on BPM preparation are still in the laboratory stage. Applying grafting, blending and
ionizing radiation in the preparation of a bipolar membrane, and looking for new membrane materials
with better hydrophilic and high temperature resistance would be very important
Key words: bipolar membrane; ion-exchange membrane; hydrolysis; middle layer
双极膜( bipolar membrane,简称BPM)是一子耗竭而形成高电势梯度(105vm),使得水分子
种由阴离子交换膜层(AEL)和阳离子交换膜层发生解离,生成和OH,在阴、阳两极电势差的
(CEL)及中间层( intermediate layer,正L)复合而收稿日期:20150420修改稿目期:20390
成的新型离子交换膜?。当给双极膜反向施加电压基金项目:天津市科技特派员项目(14 CTPJC0481、海洋公益项目
时,带电离子就会从两种离子交换层的过渡区向两
(201405008-06)及2015年天津市科技支撑项目(15 ZCZDSFO0020
第一作者:刘颖(1988一),女,博士研究生。联系人:王建友,教授,
边的主体溶液发生迁移?,阴、阳膜的界面层因离博士生导师。 E-mail wangjy72@nankai. edu