摘 要
由于乙二醇醚具有毒性,所以其正在被
丙二醇醚逐步取代,并广泛应用于油墨、皮革着色剂、涂料稀释剂、乳化液稳定剂等众多工业领域。但目前国内丙二醇醚的产量和质量还不能满足市场需求,所以迫切需要改善丙二醇醚的生产工艺流程。
本文介绍了丙二醇丁醚在国内外的研究动态、目前的水平以及未来的发展方向,归纳了合成丙二醇丁醚的具体方法,分析了目前国内外生产该产品的工艺类型,如
釜式反应器、连续管式反应器、Buss回路反应器、Press式反应器、催化精馏反应器等,并总结了各种反应器的优点及其不足之处,然后针对Press式外循环反应器生产流程做出了具体的车间工艺流程设计。
丙二醇醚的生产工艺设计如下:根据生产工艺条件,采取以环氧丙烷和丁醇为原料,采用固体碱为催化剂,在温度为120~140 ℃,压力为0.2~0.5 MPa,反应时间为2.0~4.0 h,摩尔比为丁醇 : 环氧丙烷 = 2.5 : 1的条件下,合成丙二醇丁醚。设计年产3000吨的丙二醇丁醚车间,通过物料衡算和能量衡算,确定反应釜容积、筒体高度及直径,确定填料塔塔板数、填料高度以及塔径大小,确定浮阀塔的塔高、塔径、塔板数以及溢流堰高度、堰高等。并通过核算完成设备选型,画出带控制点的工艺流程图及反应主设备图,精馏分离图等。希望通过本次设计,能够为进一步优化我国丙二醇醚的生产工艺做出一点贡献。
关键词:丙二醇丁醚;环氧丙烷;丁醇;外循环
Abstract
Since glycol ethers are toxic, so it is being gradually replaced by propylene glycol ethers, and widely used in inks, leather colorants, paint thinner, emulsion stabilizers and many other industrial fields. But the yield and quality of domestic propylene glycol ethers can not meet the market demand, there is an urgent need to improve the production process of propylene glycol ethers.
This paper described the research trends of propylene glycol butyl ether at home and abroad, the current level and future direction of development, summarized the specific method for the synthesis of propylene glycol butyl ether, and the current types of domestic and foreign production process of the product was analyzed, such as a tank reactor, continuous tubular reactor, Buss loop reactor, Press loop reactor, catalytic distillation reactors and so on. Moreover, the various advantages and disadvantages of the reactors was summarized, and then directs at the reaction production process of press external loop reactor to make a specific workshop process design.
Propylene glycol ether production process design is as follows: according to the production process conditions, adopting with propylene oxide and butyl alcohol as raw material, the solid alkali as the catalyst, under the condition of the temperature is 120~140 ℃, pressure is 0.2~0.5 MPa, reaction time is 2.0~4.0 h, molar ratio of butyl alcohol : PO = 2.5 : 1, to compound the propylene glycol butyl ether. Design an annual output of 3000 tons of propylene glycol butyl ether plant, through the material balance and energy balance, to determine the reactor volume, height and diameter of cylinder body, to determine the number of packing tower tray, packing height and the column diameter size, to determine the float value tower high tower, tower diameter, number of trays and overflow weir height weir higher. And complete the selection of equipment through accounting, painting with control points of the process flow chart and reaction equipment figure, distillation separation diagram. I hope that through this design, it is possible to further optimize the production process of propylene glycol ethers make some contribution.
Key words:propylene glycol butyl ether;propylene oxide;butyl alcohol;Outer
loop
目 录
摘 要 I
ABSTRACT II
第1章 绪论 1
1.1 设计选题的缘由 1
1.2 设计的研究工作在国民经济中的实用价值与理论意义 1
1.3 关于本设计国内外研究情况的文献综述 1
1.4 设计的研究思路及预期要达到的目标 2
1.5 国内外生产技术及目前的水平 2
1.6 未来的发展趋势 3
1.7 各种反应器及其优缺点 3
第2章 设计说明书 5
2.1 工艺流程简述 5
2.2 物料衡算 5
2.2.1 工艺计算基础数据 6
2.2.2 脱丁醇塔物料衡算 7
2.2.3 精馏塔物料衡算 7
2.2.4 反应器物料衡算 9
2.3 能量衡算 9
2.3.1 定性温度的确定 10
2.3.2 各物质比热容的计算 10
2.3.3 各阶段的计算 11
2.3.4 精馏塔热量衡算 13
2.4 气液外循环反应器的设计 16
2.4.1 反应釜的容积 16
2.4.2 反应釜筒体高度