抽油泵阀球密度优化研究.pdf

2015年第44卷
石油矿场机械
第4期第61页
OIL FIEED EQUIPMENT
文章编号:1001-3482(2015)04-0061-05
抽油泵阀球豁度优化研究
狄敏燕,李汉周,张格
(江苏油田分公司石油工程技术研究院,江苏扬州225009)
摘要:抽油系的整个工作过程中,阀球的启闭非常频繁,而球密度影响着开启压差,制约开启滞后
时间及关闭滞后时间。基于流体力学相关理论和质量守恒定律,建立了泵简内流体的连续性方程
及阀球运动微分方程,分析不同球密度对滞后开启时间、滞后关闭时间及总滞后时间的影响。计
算结果表明:滞后时间随着阀球密度的增大而减小,当密度小于4×103kg/m时,滞后时间变化迅
速;当密度大于4×10°kg/m3时,变化缓慢。
关键词:抽油泵;游动阀球;密度;滞后时间
中图分类号:TE933.3
文献标识码:A
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-3482.2015.04.015
Research of Oil Well Pump by Density of Valves Ball
DI Minyan, II Hanzhou, ZHANG Gc
(Engineering Technology Research Institute, Jiangsu Oil field Branch Com puny, Yangzhou 225009, China
Abstract: In the whole process of the oil well pump, opening and closing of the valve ball are very
frequent, but the valve ball density affects the open differential pressure and restricts its retarda
tion time and down time. Based on fluid mechanics theory and the law of conservation of mass
continuity equation of fluid into the pump and differential equation of movement of the valve ball
is established, and the effect of different density of valve ball on its retardation time and down
time is analyzed. The calculation results show that its retardation time and down time is reduced
with the increase of the density of the valve ball. When the density is less than 4X10 kg/m, its
retardation time and down time changes quickly; when the density is greater than 4 kg/m
its retardation time and down time changes slowly
Keywords: oil well pump; traveling valves ball; density;down time
泵阀是抽油泵的重要组件,对抽油泵的工作效启闭是非常频繁的,而阀球帟度影响着开启压差进
率有很大影响。泵阀在工作过程中影响泵效的因而制约滞后时间,所以对阀球密度的优化研究有利
素主要表现在泵阀充盈程度与漏失量2个方面,而于缩短阀球的滞后时间,能使泵腔在很短时间内就
阀球的启闭特性直接关系到泵筒的充满系数与泵的充满油液,减少漏失,提高泵效
漏失系数。球的启闭特性与泵筒内外液柱压差
1阀球运动特性
有关,当泵筒内液体压力大于泵筒外的液柱压力时,
阀球关闭;当泵筒内的液体压力小于泵筒外液柱压
阀罩失效与阀球的频繁撞击密切相关,在树球
力,且其压差足以克服阀球自重时,阀球开启。由于开启和关闭时,阀球的速度和加速度变化较大,因而
柱塞上下冲程运动存在死点,使阀球在开启、关闭时对阀座和阀罩将产生一定的冲击力,影响阀罩使
存在滯后现象。抽油泵在整个工作过程中,阀球的用寿命。本文借鉴已有的阀球运动规律研究成果,
收稿日期:2014-10-09
作者简介:狄敏燕(1973-),女,渐江温岭人,高级工程师,主要从事采油(气)工程研究,Emai:dimyist(2sinopec.com。