基于奇异摄动法的平流层飞艇水平面轨迹优化.pdf

第36卷第4期系统工科与电子技术Vol 36 No M2(014年4月ystems Engineering and ElectronicsApri文章编号:1001506X(2014)04072806网址:www.sys-ele.con基于奇异摄动法的平流层飞艇水平面轨迹优化洪陆合,林献武,兰维瑶(厦门大学信息科学与技术学院,福建厦门361005)摘要:平流层飞艇作为一种低速飞行器对风场千拢具有很强的敏感性,它在水平面长距离逆风巡航时需要消耗较多的能量。针对此问题,提出了一种基于奇异摄动法的最小能量水平面轨迹优化方法。首先建立风场坐标系,将飞艇巡航到目标点的过程转化成类似的最优拦截问題:根据飞艇运动学、动力学状态变量变化的特点,入比例导引法,将其进行3个快慢时间尺度的划分,建立基于奇异摄动法的数学模型;再分别求解3个不同时间尺度上的子问题,得到解析解;最后,给出了一个仿真算例,结果表明,所提方法是有效的,具有一定的工程应用前景。关键词:轨迹优化;奇异摄动法;平流层飞艇;风场干扰中图分类号:V219文献标志码:DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1001-506X.2014.04.20Trajectory optimization of stratosphere airship in horizontal based onSingular perturbation methodHONG Luhe, LIN Xian-wu, LAN Wei-yao(School 0/ In/ormation Science and Technology, Xiamen University, Xiamen 361003, China)Abstract: As a low velocity aircraft, the stratosphere airship has a high sensibility to wind disturbance, soit costs much energy for long distance cruising horizontally against the wind. Aiming at minimum energy consumption, a trajectory optimization method for stratosphere airship is proposed by using the singular perturbation method. Firstly, the wind ficld coordinate system is cstablished for converting the proccss of airship cruising to desired destination into a similar optimal interception problem. According to the behaviors of state variables of airship, and using proportional navigation guidance, three time-scale separations are established and themathematical model of the singular perturbation is set up.Then. analytical solutions are derived by solving thecorresponding three sub-problems. Finally, a numerical simulation is carried out. The result shows that the proposedtrajectory optimization method is efficient for stratosphere airship and has some certain applications in engineeringKeywords: Trajectory optimization singular perturbation method stratosphere airship; wind disturbance0引言平流层飞艇消耗的能量主要米自于太阳能,但太阳能不可避免地受日照地点、季节变更和昼夜更替等因素影平流层长艇只有低能耗、全天候作和高安全性等优响,为了保证飞艇能在高空长时问工作,必须尽量节约能点,可将其作为一种高空信平台以弥补现有的天基、空基源、降低消耗,确保有足够的能量储存,因此飞艇在巡航过和地基信总平台的缺点。随着能源问题的不断深化,这和程中有必要采用最优的飞行轨迹。由于高空风场的存在,应用前景越来越引起世界的关注,美国、欧洲和口韩等竞相飞艇作为一种低速飞行器对风场干扰只有很强的敏感性,开展平流层飞艇的研发,国内许多院校、航天和电子等科研特別当它长距离逆风巡航时,往往需要消耗较多的能量,所院所也各自丌展了不同程度的研究,有关平流层长艇研究以研究飞艇在风场扰下的最优巡航轨迹是非常必要和有的论文数量显著增长趋势,长艇披术成为飞行器研究意义的领域一个比较前沿的热点问题般求解最优轨迹的数值方法可分为直接法和问接收稿日期:2013-07-29:修回日期:2013-11-11:网络优先出版日期:2014-01-02网络优先出版地址:hitp:/vwww.cnki.net/kems/detail/11.2422.TN.20140102.0940.002.htm基金项目:国家白然科学基金(61273199);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金(20110121110017)资助课题