有毒气体无线监测网络设计.pdf

合肥工业大学
硕士学位论文
有毒气体无线监测网络设计
姓名:李勋涛
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:测试计量技术及仪器
指导教师:余晓芬
20100401
有毒气体无线监测网络设计
摘要
出于现代科技进步和工业的发展,工业中产生的各种废气以及室内装修散
发的有毒气体对人们的生活造成了巨大危害。市面上存在很多的空气净化设
备,但是这些空气净化装置虽然能净化有毒有害气体,但并不了解环境中有毒
有害气体的信息。因此,如果在净化设备中集成有毒气体监测网络,对有毒有
害气体进行定性定量检测,及时了解环境中的有毒有害气体的信息,对于实现
空气净化设备的智能化控制(如:采用何种净化方法?何时开启和关闭净化设
备?等)具有十分重要的意义,并对了解环境中有毒有害气体含量的变化趋
势,为工业环境、医院环境和人们的生活环境等环境监测提供十分重要的数据
和依据。
对于有毒气体的测量,常用方法主要包括分析化学方法、半导体气敏式
探测方法、接触燃烧式探测方法、光谱分析方法、电化学方法等。其中电化学
测量方法响应速度快、能够实现在线检测、对非被测气体的抗干扰性好、制作
成的探头体积小方便集成,所以本论文研究的系统采用电化学测量方法。市场
上有售的气体检测设备,只是对单一气体检测研制的,而且它们通过有线传输
数据。如果需要检測多种气体,将这些气体检测设备集成,体积会十分庞大。
而且对需要布置大量监测点的监测环境,有线传输数据布线十分麻烦,成本
高。因此,本学位论文研制了一个能与空气净化设备集成、智能化、体积小的
有毒气体无线监测网络,具体的研究内容如下:
气体传感器集成化设计
对C0、甲醛、苯等气体传感器进行了集成化设计,根据传感器输出信号
的极性、大小进行分类,对同类别的传感器输出信号的信号处理电路进行集成
化设计。
2.无线网络通讯系统设计
对无线通讯节点与气体传感器进行集成化设计,实现对传感器数据传输
及控制命令的发送的无线节点通讯;建立计算机中心控制平台,实现对监测
点、传感器的选择以及测量信号的自动处理。
3.系统特性标定测试实验
研制了有毒气体无线监测网络特性测试的实验系统,完成了监测系统传感
特性标定和精度比对实验、通讯系统的通讯距离测试实验及环境湿度对监测系
统传感特性影响的硏究实验。
关键字:有毒气体检测;无线传感器网络;电化学传感器;集成化设计
Toxic gas monitor system design based on
wireless sensor network
ABSTRACT
With the improvement of modern technology and development of industry, a
variety of emissions produced in industry as well as toxic gases from interior dec
oration do harm to people lives. Although lots of equipments purifing air are in sh
ops, which can purify the toxic gases, they do not recognize whether there are
waste gases or not in environment. Therefore, if the monitoring network of toxi
gases is integrated in the purification equipment, detecting it qualitatively and
keeping abreast of toxic and harmful gases in the environment of information in
time, air purification equipment for the realization of intelligent control (such as:
what purification method used? when is the purification equipment opened and
closed?, etc. )is of great significance. What's more, understanding the changing tren
-d of toxic gases in environment, for providing essential data for environmental
monitoring in the industrial environment, the hospital environment and peoples
living environment
For detecting the toxic gas
es, there are many ways, such as analytical
chemistry methods semiconductor gas-type detection methods, contact combustion-
type detection methods, spectroscopy, electrochemical methods and so on. Electroc
-chemical measurement is of fast response, which can measure the toxic gases on
line and resist interference of non-measured gas strongly, by which the probes
made are easy to be integrated with small. Therefore, the system studied by this
paper adopts the electrochemical measurement. The gas detection equipments on
market are de-veloped by a single gas detection, and they transmit data through
the cable. If you need to test a variety of gases, the gas detection equipments
integrated will be hu-ge And then, if a large number of monitoring points required
layout of the monito- ring environment, wired data transmission wiring is very
troublesome and costly. So, This dissertation developed a toxic gas monitoring
network integrated with air purification equipment, intelligence, small size and
wireless Specific researches are as follows
1. Gas sensor int