合成水基压裂液增稠剂的研究现状及展望.pdf

石油化
2013年第42卷第4期
PETROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
合成水基压裂液增稠剂的研究现状及展望
林蔚然,黄凤兴,伊卓
(中国石化北京化工研究院精细所,北京100013)
[摘要」综述了国内外无聚合物增稠剂体系、化学交联的聚合物增稠剂体系和物理交联的聚合物增稠剂体系三大类水基压裂
液增稠剂体系的研究现状。对三大类压裂液增稠剂体系中水溶性分子提高有效黏度的机理进行了阐述和分析,总结对比了3
种体系在实际应用中的性能和优缺点,最后对这3种水基压裂液的应用前景进行了展望。增稠能力强、水不溶物含量低、高
温稳定性和剪切稳定性好、成本较低廉的压裂液增稠剂体系是未来的发展方向
关键词增稠剂;清沾压裂液:聚合物压裂液:;疏水締合
文章编号1000~8144(2013)04-0451-06
[中图分类号]TE357.12
文献标志码
Research Status and Forecast of Synthetic Thickening Agents in
Aqueous Fracturing Fluid
Lin Weiran, Ruang Fengxing, Yi Zh
Division of Fine and Special Chemicals, SINOPEC Beijing Research Institute of Chemical Industry, Beijing 10013, China)
Abstract Recent progress in the research of three types of thickening agents in aqueous fracturing
fluid were introduced, including polymer-free thickening agent systems, chemically cross-linked
thickening agent systems with polymers and physically cross-linked thickening agent systems with
polymers. The mechanisms for increasing the viscosity of the water-soluble components in the three
types of thickening agents were discussed. Through analyzing and contrasting the main performances
of the thickening agents, their application situations were summed up. The Fracturing fluid thickening
agent systems with high thickening ability, low water-insoluble component content, good stability
under high temperature and shearing, and low cost would be the development direction in future
L Keywords J thickening agents; clean fracturing fluid; polymer fracturing fluid; hydrophobic
association
水平井多分段压裂技术是非常规油气勘探开瓜尔豆喜热耐早,对日照敏感,种植区域有限。随
发的主导技术,受到国内外高度重视,其中低伤害着国内外非常规油气藏开发的快速发展,压裂井数
的压裂液体系是保障压裂施工成功的关键环节。压快速增加,对瓜尔豆的需求持续增大。瓜尔豆市场
裂液的功能是在地层中形成具有一定尺寸和导流能经常出现有价无货的情况,获得大批量的瓜尔豆越
力的裂缝并沿裂缝输送支撑剂,压裂施工的成功与来越困难。与此同时,人们一直在寻找可替代胍胶
否与压裂液的有效黏度有很大关系。水基压裂液的植物胶,以20世纪80年代的田菁胶和20世纪90年
依靠在水溶性分子间建立化学交联或物理缔合来实代的香豆胶为代表,此外还有魔芋胶、皂仁胶等,
现必要的有效黏度,以达携砂要求。
天然植物胶及其改性产品属于天然高分子,其收稿日期.2012-10-30:「修改稿日期2013-01-04
制备工艺简单,易发生化学交联,一度成为国内外
作者简介]林蔚然(1982一),女,山东省烟台市人,博土,高
最常用的增稠剂品种,约占增稠剂总量的90%,其
级工程师,电话010-59202253,电邮inwr:bihy@ Sinopec.corm
基金项目」中国石油化工股份有限公司资助项目(G6001-12-ZS-
中又以胍胶的使用最为普遍。胍胶由瓜尔豆制成,0498)。