俄罗斯诺里尔斯克铜镍硫化物矿床研究进展.pdf

第34卷第6期
地质通报
Vo34. No6
2015年6月
GEOLOGICAL BULLETIN OF CHINA
Jun,2015
俄罗斯诺里尔斯克铜镍硫化物矿床研究进展
舒思齐,裴荣富',邢波2,金雪2,黄道袤
SHU Siqi, PEI Rongfu, XING Bo, JIN Xue, HUANG Daomao'
1.国土资源部成矿作用与资源评价重点实验室/中国地质科学院矿产资源研究所,北京100037
2.中国地质大学(北京)地球科学与资源学院,北京100083
1. MLR Key Laboratory of Metallogeny and Mineral Assessment, Institute of Mineral Resources, Chinese Academ
of Geological Sciences, Beifing 100037, China,
2. School of Earth Sciences and Resources, China University of Geosciences, Beijing 100083, China
摘要:诺里尔斯克镍硫化物矿床赋存于西伯利亚大火成岩省,是全球最大的镍一铜一铂族元素硫化物矿集区。研究表明
该矿床形成于二叠纪一三叠纪之交,与溢流玄武岩在时空上紧密相关,但由于未发现含矿岩体和矿体与溢流玄武岩之间直接
接触,尚无法确定其成因联系;②幔源岩浆遭受过壳源物质的混染,但这种混楽作用何时发生,混染程度如何,是否是成矿的必
要条件?存在诸多争论;③成矿金属元素是从岩浆中沉淀出来的,但究竟是来自地慢还是地売,有不同认识;④硫化物的熔离
作用至关重要,在深部岩浆房曾发生过,但在浅部岩浆房中是否也曾发生过?还存在明显的分歧。尽管在矿床成因方面存在
定的分歧,但某些控矿因素对于诺里尔斯克铜一镍一铂族元素矿集区而言是有效的。
关键词;诺里尔斯克;溢流玄武岩;铜镍碗化物;成矿元素来源;硫化物熔离作用
中图分类号:P618.2文献标志码:A文章编号:1671-2552(2015)06-1100-10
Shu S Q, Pei R I, Xing B, Jin X, Huang D M. The progress in the study of the Noril sk CU-NI-PGE sulfide deposit in Rus-
sia. Geological Bulletin of China, 2015, 34(6): 1100-1109
Abstrct: The Norilsk CU-NI sulfide deposit, existing in the Siberia Trap, is located at the northwest comer of Russian Siberia. As
the largest CU-NI sulfide ore district, it consists of two orefields, i.e., Noril sk and Talnakh. The flood basalts, Noril sk type, Lower
Talnakh type and the later ntrusions constitute the four magmatic rock types in the ore district. Both the Nori sk intrusion and the
ower Talnakh intrusion have been mineralized, but only the former one is of economic value. There are three main ore types, i.e
massive ores, breccia ores and disseminated ores. The existence or nonexistence of massive ores is one of the most important differenc
es between the Noril sk intrusion and the Lower Talnakh intrusion. Although there are four common opinions among the numerous
published papers, many debates remain existent: The age data of the P-T time of magmatic rocks and ore deposition reveal that
these ore deposits are related to the flood basalts in time and space; nevertheless, due to lack of direct geological evidence, it is hardly
possible to know the relations between the orebodies and the flood basalts. (The mantle source magma underwent a crustal contam
ination in the ore-forming process, and disputes focus on three aspects, namely, at which magmatic stage did the contamination hap
pen? What was the degree of the contamination What was the contamination esential for the ore deposit?(The ore elements(eg
Cu, Ni and PGE)were precipitated from the magma, but where did these elements come from? Did they come from crust or from
mantle? All the publications hold that the mantle source of the ore elements played the leading role; nevertheless, no one can exclude
the opinion that the Proterozoic sediments and the Siberia basement might have supplied the ore elements. @Sulfide gregation
played an important role in the ore-forming process. Up till now, all the reseachers have agreed that there was one sulfide segregation
收稿日期:2014-03-20;修订日期:2015-04-03
资助项目:科技部国际科技合作与交流专项(编号:2014DFR21270)、中国地质调查局项目(编号:121201131021001212010811029
和121201122091
作者简介:舒思齐(1976-),男,高级工程师,博土后,从事矿产资源合理勘查与开发研究。E-mai:siqi(@mail.cgs.gov.cn