电子拉力试验机嵌入式测控系统研究.pdf

摘要
材料试验机是材料性能研究、检测的重要仪器设备,主要功能是对材料、零件、构件
的力学性能和工艺性能进行测试。随着对材料性能要求的越米越严格,需要材料试验机具
有多样的加载方式和测试方法以及更严格的测试精度,因此,要求与之村应的材料试验机
测控系统具有更高的精度、更强的功能、更好的实时性以及更好的可靠性。对于新型材料
试验机测控系统的开发,采用嵌入式实时操作系统作为设计基础和运行平台,无疑是一个
较好的选择。基于以上背景,本文设计开发了一种新型材料试验机嵌入式实时测控系统。
本论文在分析和比较国内外先进材料试验机的基础上:,败收先进的微电子技术和试验
机控制技术,结合貝体的工程应用背景,对电子拉力试验札的机械部分、测试流程、数据
采集、电机控制、人机交互等进行了系统的分析与研究,在此基础上确定了基于32位ARM
微处理器SEP3203和C/OSⅡ嵌入式实时操作系统的高精度万能材料试验机测试系统的整
体设计开发方案
本课趣从电子拉力试验机的原理和需求出发,设计并开发了测控系统的使件子系统和
软件子系统。硬件子系统设计中,详细分析并设计了最小系统、信号采集、电机控制、触
摸屏输入、显示输出等模块。软件子系统的设计中,详细分析了功能目标、任务刘分、任
务设计、人机交互等方面的内容,并介绍了力传感器信号米集程序的设计。
最后,在样机上完成了橡胶试样的拉伸和撕裂试验,检验了本论文所研制的电子拉力
试验机测控系统的有效性和可行性,证明了使件选型、设计及软件编程上的正确性,达到
了预期的控制效果。
关键词:电子拉力试验机,嵌入式系统,信号采集,伺服电机,C/OSI
ABSTRACT
Material testing machines are important instruments widely used for the research of material
performance, and they are important in product check, quality control. With increasingly stringent
requirements of material performance, testing machines are required with a variety of loading
mode, diverse testing method and higher testing accuracy Thus its required that the testing
machine control systems should be better in accuracy, more comprehensive in functions, higher in
real-time performance and bet er in reliability. onsidering the maintenance, upgrade and
real-time performance of system, it's the best choice to develop the material testing machine
control system with an embedded real-time OS. The dissertation studies on the developing of a
new type of auto tensile testing machine control system
The control system of the auto tcnsilc testing machine is based on 32-bit ARM7
microprocessor SEP3203 and C/OS II which is a kind of real-time embedded operation system
On the basis of the analysis and study of the mechanical structure, testing process, data acquisition
motor control and human Interface, the design scheme of the embedded universal testing machine
control system is determined. It's aimed to design a testing control system that has the outstanding
characteristics of high speed and precision
The main architecture and design scheme of the embedded control system is analyzed from
the principle of auto tensile testing machine and the customers'requirements. The hardware
sub-system and software sub-system are the most important two parts of the development of this
system. For the development of the hardware sub-system, the basic system, signal acquisition
motor control, customer input, ID output and some other modules are introduced in details. For
the development of the software sub-system, the design target, divide of tasks, design of tasks
human interface, program design of force sensor signal acquisition and so on, are all introduced too
Finally, author implemented the control system for the auto tensile testing machine, completed
the tensile and tear test of rubber sample. It was proven to be available and realizable. The choices
of hardware and design of software were also proven to be validity. The controller achieved
expectable results
Key words: Material testing machines, embedded system, signal acquisition, servo motor
uc/Os I