高岭土复合材料的结构与性能.pdf

第43卷第1期
塑料工业
2015年1月
CHINA PLASTICS INDUSTRY
71
聚丙烯/高岭土复合材料的结构与性能
王鉴,李红伶,祝宝东,段宝颜,孙征楠
(东北石油大学化学化工学院,石油与天然气化工省重点实验室,黑龙江大庆163318
摘要:以钛酸酯偶联剂(NDZ-105)改性的高岭土为填料、马来酸酐接枝的聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH)为相容剂,与
聚丙烯(PP)熔融共混制备复合材料,测定了复合材料的力学性能,并通过X射线衍射(XRD)、红外光谱(FT-
IR)、热失重分析(TG)、扫描电镜(SEM)等手段研究其结构。结果表明,ND2-105分子包覆到高岭土颗粒表面,
有效改善了高岭土与PP基体的相容性;改性高岭土在P基体中起到异相成核作用,并诱导P基体产生B晶型;与
纯PP及P/未改性高岭土复合材料相比,PP/改性高岭土复合材料的拉伸强度、冲击强度、屈服强度、弹性模量、维
卡软化温度及外推起始失重温度均明显提高,分别增加了7,6%、31%、21%、89.3%、8.4℃及97℃。
关键词:聚丙烯;高岭土;表面改性;复合材料;力学性能
DOI:10.3969/j.issn.1005-5770.2015.01.017
中图分类号:TQ325.1'4
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1005-5770(2015)01-0071-04
Structure and Properties of Polypropylene/Kaolin Composites
WANG Jian, LI Hong-ling, ZHU Bao-dong, DUAN Bao-yan, SUN Zheng-nan
Chemistry and Chemical Engineering College, Provincial Key Laboratory of Oil &Gas Chemical Technology
Northeast Petroleum University, Daqing 163318, China)
Abstract Polypropylene/kaolin composites were prepared with PP kaolin modified with titanate coupling
agent (NDZ-105 as filler and industrial PP-G-MAH as compatilizer by melting blending. The mechanical
properties of the composites were tested and the structure was characterized with XRD, FIR, G, and
SEM. The results showed that kaolin was coated with NDZ-105 molecules, and compatibility of kaolin with
PP was improved. Modified kaolin acted as the heterogeneous nucleation and induced formation of crystal in
PP matrix. Compared with PP/kaolin composites and pure PP, the tensile strength, impact strength, yield
strength, elastic modulus, Vicat softening point and extrapolated onset decomposition temperature of PP/
modified kaolin composites increased obviously, which increased by 7.6%, 31%, 21%, 89.3%, 8.4 C
nd97℃
tively
Keywords: Polypropylene; Kaolin; Surface Modification; Composite; Mechanical Property
聚丙烯(PP)是一种通用型树脂,因其具有加可改善无机填料与PP的相容性5-?,使无机填料均
工性能好、化学性质稳定等优点川,广泛应用于包匀分散于PP基体中,制得高性价比的P复合材料。
装、家具等方面。但其低温易脆裂、耐热性和阻隔性本文用NDZ105钛酸酯偶联剂对高岭土进行表面改
差,严重限制了PP在建材、汽车等领域的应用2。性,并以PP-g-MAH为相容剂,以熔融共混法制备
通过填充改性制成复合材料,能弥补这些不足,可以PP复合材料。考察了复合材料的力学性能、热稳定
明显地提高PP的强度、初性、耐热性等,并降低成性、结晶行为及断面微观形貌。
本。常用的无机填料有蒙脱土、碳酸钙、滑石粉、膨1实验部分
润土和云母等34。高岭土是一类层状硅酸盐,具1.1主要原料
有可塑性强、耐火性好等特点。但其为极性物质,具
PP:T30S粉料,大庆石化公司;马来酸酐接枝
有高表面能,与P熔融共混时,分散性差,团聚现
象严重,使复合材料性能下降。通常情况下,用偶联
聚丙烯(PP-g-MAH):CMG5001,上海日之升新技
剂对无机填料表面改性并在共混体系中加入相容剂,术发展有限公司;高岭土:粒径≤10m,上海风陈
作者简介:王鉴,男,1966年生,教授,博士生导师,主要研究方向是聚烯烃材料性能调控,多相催化。
mrwi@nepu.edu.cn