汽车制造企业长期低浓度苯系物暴露对男性工人健康的影响.pdf

实用医学杂志2013年第29卷第7期
汽车制造企业长期低浓度苯系物暴露欢
男性工人健康的影响
张莹莹袁惟芯陈妍刘移民肖吕武谢春姣秦飞陈韵聪吕鸿鑫陈雯肖勇梅
摘要目的:探索长期低浓度萃及其同系物暴露对男性工人健康的影响。方法:通过查阅某汽车制造
企业2007-2010年间的生产环境监测数据,筛査出有苯及其同系物暴露的男性エ人共378名作为暴露组,选
择该企业的行政管理、后勤保摩、保安等部门的368名男性工人作为对照组。通过SPSS18.0软件分析两组
エ人4年的健康体检资料。结果:经方差分析结果显示,两组工人的白细胞计数(F=8.95,P=0.003)、血红
蛋白(F=20.25,P<0.001)、两复酸复基转氩酶(F=48.49,P<0.001)、舒张压(F=10.12,P=0.002)共4项
指标在该4年间存在着統计学差异。经卡方检验可知,两组エ人红细胞异常率之间有统计学差异(x2=6.00,
P=0.014);2007-2010年体检エ人血红蛋白(と2=29.50,P<0.001)、丙酸基转氪酶(x2=34.31,P
0.001)和门冬氯酸氯基转氯酶(Xx2=12.50,P=0.006)共3项指标的异常率之间有筑计学差异。结论:长期
低浓度苯及其同系物暴露对男性工人的健康有一定影响
关縷词苯;低浓度苯系物;男性エ人;健康检查
Effects of long-term exposure to low concentration of benzene series on the health status of male workers in
automobile manufactory ZHANG Ying-ying, YUAN Wei-xin, CAEN Yan, LU Yi-min, XIAO Lt-uu, XIE
Chun o, O/N Fei, CHEN Yun-cong, LV Hong-win, CHEN Wen, XIAO Yong-mei. School of Public Health, Sun
Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
Correspondingauthor:XIAOYong-meiE-mail:xiaoym@mailsysu.edu.cn
(Abstract Objective To explore the effects of long-term exposure to low concentration of benzene series on
the health status of male workes. Methods Through consulting the occupational hazard factors and health
surveillance of the automobile manufactory from 2007 to 2010, 378 male workers exposed to benzene series were
screen out; and 368 male workers who, worked in administration, logistical support and security sector were
included as controls. The 4 years healthy information of the two groups were analyzed by SPSS 18.0. Results The
results of variance analysis indicated that there were significant differences of the white blood cell count(F=8.95, P
0.003), hemoglobin (F=20.25, P< 0.001), ALT(F=48, 49, P< 0.001) and diastolic blood pressure(F
10.12, P=0.002) between the two groups in the 4 years. The abnormal rates of red blood cells (x=6.00, P
0.014), of hemoglobin(x2=29.50,P<0.001), of ALT(x2=34.31,P<0.001) and of AST(x2=12.50,P=
0.006 ) between the two groups were significantly different. Conclusion Long-term exposure to low concentration of
benzene series has a certain effect on the health status of male workers
Key words Benzene; Low concentration benzene series; Male worker; Health examination
国内外报道指出,汽车制造工作场所存在的职甲苯等在生产环境中往往与苯同时暴露,对于甲苯
业病危害因素高达30种?。苯及其同系物是汽车和二甲苯是否引起人体损害还没有确切证据。苯
制造企业常见的职业有害因素之一。苯作为确切的及其同系物的共存是否会增强苯的毒性也不能肯
人类致癌物,可以导致造血系统损伤而引起外周血定。因此,我们根据生产环境职业有害因素监测
细胞数量的改变,但对于低浓度苯(<1pm)是否结果,对某汽车制造企业工人自2007-2010年4
导致血液损害仍存在争议]。而其同系物甲苯和
年间的体检资料进行分析,观察长期低浓度苯系
物暴露是否对健康造成影响。
doi:10.39691jisn.1006-57252013.07,055
1对象与方法
基金项目:国家自然科学基金资助项目(编号:81072284);卫1.1研究对象由于该企业男性职工占了全部职
生公益性行业科研专项(编号:200902006);中山大学重大项目培
工的90%,所以查阅该企业2007-2010年间所有的
育计划(编号:10ykjc05
作者单位:510080广州市,中山大学公共卫生学院
生产环境监测和工人健康体检资料,筛査出有苯及
通倌作者:肖勇梅E-mail:XIAOYI@mail.sysu.edu.cn
其同系物暴露的男性工人共378名作为暴露组,同