PDC钻头材料表面泥质岩屑粘附性能试验研究.pdf

石油机械
2015年第43卷第2期
CHINA PETROLEUM MACHINERY
钻井技术与装备
PDC钻头材料表面泥质岩屑粘附性能试验研究
赵建邹德永陈修平』杜超李晶郭玉龙
(1.中国石油大学(华东)石油工程学院2.大港油田第五采油厂)
摘要:钻头泥包的本质是泥质岩屑的粘附。为研究各因素对PDC钻头材料表面泥质岩屑粘附
生能的影响规律,基于直剪切试验方法,将粘附力作为粘附性能评价指标,进行了泥质岩屑粘附
姓能试验硏究。试验结果表明,在其他条件不变的情況下,粘附力随泥质岩屑含水体积分数的变
化呈抛物线规律,在含水体积分数为30%左右时粘附力达到最大值;与以高岭石为主要粘土矿物
的泥质岩屑相比,以蒙脱石为主要粘土矿物的泥质岩屑的粘附性更强;泥质岩屑的粘附力与颗粒
尺寸成反比;与合金钢相比,泥质岩屑在铸造碳化钨表面的粘附カ是在其表面的1.5倍;水作为
粘附介质时,粘附力最大,油作为粘附介质时,粘附カ最小,在水中添加体积分数为6%的KCl
后,粘附力变小,但仍大于油作为粘附介质时的粘附力。
关键词:PDC钻头;泥质岩屑;直剪切试验;粘附力;钻具泥包
中图分类号:TE921文献标识码:Adoi:10.16082/ cnki.isn.1001-4578.2015.02.002
Experimental Research on the Adhesion
of Shale Cuttings to PDC Bit Surfaces
Zhao Jian Zou Deyong Chen Xiuping
ng'guo Yulong
(1. School of Petroleum Engineering, China Uniersity of Petroleum( Huadong); 2. No 5 Oil Production Plant of Dagang i eld)
Abstract: The adherence of shale cuttings to bit surfaces is the essence of bit balling. In order to study the
effects of factors on the adherence, an experiment is carried out by using direct shear test method and taking adhe-
sive force as adherence evaluation index. The experimental results show that, the adhesive force follows the parabol-
ic trend along with the change of water content of shale cuttings, and it can reach the maximum value when the wa-
ter content is about 30%o compared with shale cuttings with clay minerals mainly composed of kaolinite, those
with clay minerals mainly composed of montmorillonite have the higher adherence: the adhesive capacity is inverse
ly proportional to the particle size; the adhesive force on the cast tungsten carbide surface is 1.5 times that on the
alloy steel surface; the adhesive force will be maximum when water is the adhesion medium and minimum yalue
when oil is the adhesion medium; the adhesive force will be reduced when 6% Kcl is added into the water. but it
is still greater than that of the oil taken as the adhesion medium
Key words: PDC bit; shale cuttings; direct shear test; adhesive force, bit balling
复杂的物理、化学与力学耦合作用过程,影响因素
引言
很多,其中泥质岩屑在钻头表面的粘附是泥包的本
质。有关泥质岩屑的粘附性能研究国内尚无相
PDC钻头在泥质岩类地层钻进时极易发生关报道,然而在国外,A. Hayatdavoudi等“研究了
头泥包-2,严重影响钻井效率。钻头泥包是一个泥包趋势与HHI(水化指数)、CFE(吉布斯自由
*基金项目:国家“十二五”科技重大专项“胜利油田薄互层低渗透油田开发示范工程”之“薄互层水平井导向PDC钻头优化设计
及导向特性研究”(05Z12020300)。