城市污水处理厂运行成本研究.pdf

河北T业大学
倾士学位论文
城市污水处理厂运行成本研究
姓名:刘家勇
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:工业工程
指导教师:陈立文;原培胜
2010-12
河北工业大学工程硕士学位论文
城市污水处理厂运行成本研究
摘要
近年米,随着我国城镇化的加快,污水处理厂建设也是快速发展,我国已投
产的城市污水处理)已有上千座。然而虽然建立起来了,但大部分城市污水处理
厂不同程度的存在运行费用不足,很多是不能满负荷运行或处于停运状态。主要
是城市污水处理厂的运行成本费用是庞人的、长期的。如果通过有效地控制,能
够将城市污水处理)的运行费用节省1%,对全国的污水处理)来说也是个巨大
的数字。
我国城市污水处理事业的发展从九十年开始,从大城市逐渐向中小城市推
进,污水处理与其他行业相比,由于发展较晚,设计和管理存在一些不足,相当
多的污水处理厂建成后难以维持正常运行,环境效益和社会效益得不到实现,导
致我国城市污水处理厂的吨水耗电量是发达国家的数倍,而运行管理人员数显得
臃肿。因此,有效提高我国城市污水处理)的运行管理水平和技术人员的专业素
质,是污水处理厂快速发展急需解决的前提条件
城市污水处理)的运行成本主要包括:水电费、人员工资、材料费、设备维
护保养、管道维护、化验费、管理费、污泥处理费用及其他费用。为了方便,我
们把污水处理厂的运行成本分为:动力费、人员费、药剂费、维修费和其他费用,
其中动力费包括全水电费,人员费包括人员工资、管理费、年辆费,维修费包
口常的设备维修和保养费、设备大修费、仪表的检校费和管道的维护费,药剂
费包括实验室各种化学试剂、消毒费、絮凝剂费。
本论文针対我国城市污水的特点和处理现状,对污水处理设施与运行管理进
行了研究、提出一些了对策,以此降低污水处理厂运行成本。城市污水处理设施
的建设和运行是我国当前节能减排控制的重点,建立一套科学的污水管理体制和
方法,运用到城市污水处理)的管理当中,可以大大推动我国污水处理事业的发
展和改善人们的生活环境
关键词:城市污水,运行成本,对策
城市污水处理厂运行成本研究
STUDY ON OPERATING COST OF URBAN SEWAGE
TREATMENT PLANT
ABSTRACT
In recent years, with the acceleration of China's urbanization, the rapid development
of construction of sewage treatment plant, urban sewage treatment plant which China
has put into achieve over a thousand. However, the operating cost of most of the
urban sewage treatment plant is insufficient to different degree, many can not operate
at full capacity, or in the shutdown state. Because the operating cost of the urban
sewage treatment plant is huge and long-term. If through the effective control, We can
save 1% operating cost of the urban sewage treatment plant, that will be a huge
number to the national sewage treatment plant
China s urban sewage treatment started at nineties, then advanced from big cities to
medium and small cities. Compared with other industries, the design and the
management have some insufficiencies because of late development, a considerable
number of sewage treatment plant completed is difficult to maintain normal operation
environmental and social benefits are not achieved, then lead to power consumption
of urban sewage treatment plant in china is several times more than developed
countries, the number of operation and management personnel appears extremel
bloated. Therefore, to effectively improve operation and management level and
professional quality of technical staff of Chinas urban sewage treatment plant, it is
requisites of rapid development of the sewage
plant needed to be
resolved
Operating costs of urban sewage treatment plant include: Water and electric
charges, staff salaries, material cost, equipment repairs and maintenance, pipeline
maintenance, laboratory fees, management fees, sludge treatment and other expenses
For convenience, operating costs of sewage treatment plant are divided into: power