超高真空条件下表面辅助反应.pdf

物理化学学报( Wuli Huaxue Xuebao)
Acta Phys. -Chim. Sin. 2016, 32(1), 154-170
Review]
doi:10.3866/PKU.WHXB201512041
www.whxb.pku.edu.cn
超高真空条件下表面辅助反应
汪宏12张海明'退力峰
苏州大学功能纳米与软物质研究院,江苏省碳基功能材料与器件高技术研究重点实验室,江苏苏州215123;
Physics Institute, University Muenster, Wilhelm-klemm-stt. 10, 48149 Muenster, Germany)
摘要:在金属单晶表面上直接合成制备各种共价键连接聚合结构,由于其独特的路线及在电子学、光电子学
等方面的潜在应用价值而得到了广泛的关注。与传统的有机合成反应不同,表面辅助反应能够在一定程度上
控制产物的结构,知悉具体的反应过程,更重要的是还能制备一些采用传统方法所不能得到的新型材料。前
驱体分子的种类、衬底的选择以及反应条件等因素都与反应的发生紧密相关。在表面上制备出的有序共价组
装结构除了比传统的自组装单层膜(SAMs)结构具有更高的机械强度及热力学稳定性外,分子间连接的共价
键还能作为电子传输的通道,使其应用范围得到很大地扩展。本文对近年来报道的超高真空环境下的一些表
面辅助反应进行了介绍,分析了各个反应发生的机理,并将其与溶液中发生的反应相对比,讨论了衬底表面
在反应过稈中所起到的重要作用。
关键词:表面辅助反应:金属表面;超高真空;共价键;扫描隧道显微镜
中图分类号:O647
Surface Assisted Reaction under Ultra High Vacuum Conditions
WANG Hong2 ZHANG Hai-ming CHI Li-feng
jiangsu Key Laboratory for Carbon Based Functional Materials and Devices, Institute of Functional Nano Soft Materials
(FUNSOM), Soochow University, Suzhou 215123, iangsu Province, P.R. China
Physics Institute, University Muenster, Wilhelm-klemm-str. 10, 48149 Muenster, German)
Abstract: The construction of covalently bonded molecular structures on single crystal metal surfaces has
attracted increasing attention because of the synthetic strategies used and their potential application to
molecular electronics and optoelectronics Unlike traditional organic synthesis, surface-assisted reactions have
advantages for structural control of the produced polymers, providing detailed understanding of reaction
processes, and, most importantly, they produce new materials that cannot be synthesized by traditional
leans. The types of reactant, the choice of metal surface, and the initial conditions are critical controlling
parameters in surface-assisted reactions. Covalent bonds formed in the reaction ensure that the produced
structures have higher mechanical and thermodynamic stability compared with seif-assembled monolayers
(SAMS ). Meanwhile, some conjugated polymers are ideal candidates for semiconductors in next-generation
carbon-based electronics. In this review, we summarize the surface assisted reactions reported in recent years
and analyze the mechanisms involved, comparing them with the corresponding reactions that occur in
solution. Finally, we discuss the important role of substrate surface played in the reaction process
Key Words: Surface assisted reaction; Metal surface Ultra high vacuum Covalent bond; Scanning
tunneling microscopy
Received: November 4, 2015; Revised: December 4, 2015; Published on Web December 4, 2015
Correspondingauthor.Email:chili(@suda.edu.cn;Tel:+86-512-65880725
The project was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (91227201)
国家自然科学基金(91227201)资助项目
Oeditorial office of Acta Physico-chimica Sinica