钢铝过渡接头的应用研究.pdf

NAVAL ARCHIITECTTUIRE AND OCEAN ENGINEERING船舶与海洋工程2016年第32卷第4期(总第110期)
DOI:10.14056/1.cnki.naoe.2016.04.011
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工艺与材料
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钢铝过渡接头的应用研究
黄健,郵文,张吉,曹云勇
(沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司设计一所,上海200129)
摘要:为降低船舶的质量重心、提高航速,某型船上层建筑首次采用铝合金材料。以往铝合金材质的上.层建筑与
钢质主船体米用铆钉迁接,现己逐渐被钢铝过渡接头所替代,其优点为米用焊接工艺、水密性好、耐腐蚀,还使
得建造工艺大为简化,但在实际建造中出现了钢铝过渡接头分层的质量问题,直接影响船舶质量。对此,阐述如
何从钢铝过渡接头特性出发,对钢铝过渡接头分层的原因进行分析,对钢铝过渡接头之间的焊接接头连接形式以
及钢铝过渡接头与钢质主船体、铝合金上层建筑的连接形式进行优化:控制钢铝过渡接头焊接时焊点的厚度,焊
接时不超过钢铝复合界面,且焊接点与钢铝复合界面的距离>3mm:控削复合界面临界温度,焊接过程中界面
温度应低于临界温度,并留有安全裕度。通过优化钢铝过渡接头连接结构形式及焊接工艺规则,掌择了解決钢铝
过渡接头分层原因的关键技术
关键词:钢铝过渡接头:接头分层:结构优化:焊接工艺
中图分类号:U671.8
文献标志码
文章编号:2095-4069(2016)04-0054-05
Study on the Application of
Steel-aluminum Transition Joint
HUANG Jian, QIU Wen, ZHANG Ji, CAO Yun-yong
(No 1 Design Institute, Iiudong-zhonghua Shipbuilding(Group)Co., Ltd Shanghai 200129, China)
bstract: Aluminum alloy is for the first time used as the superstructure material onboard ship to lower gravity center,
reduce weight and increase speed. In the past, the aluminum alloy superstructure was connccted to the steel hull by rivets
Now, this is replaced gradually by steel-aluminum transition joint with the advantages of welding technique, water-proof
corrosion-resistant and simplified construction process. However, quality deficiency was found in the Ior ol
steel-aluminum transition Jomt delaminating uring construction, which directly influences ships quality. This paper
elaborate Lhe causes of stccl-aluminum transition joint delamination with ils characleristics and optimizes the welding
joint shape of the transition Joint, the connection form among the joint, and the connection between the steel hull and the
aluminum alloy superstructure, where the thickness of welding spot is controlled not to exceed the steel-aluminum
composite interface, the distance between the welding spot and the nterface Is controlled >3 mm, the critical temperature
of the composite interlace is controlled to make the interface Lemperature lower than the critical Temperature during
elding, and redundancy for safety is considered. Thus the key technologies for joint delaminating are mastered via the
optimization of the stccl-aluminum transition joint connection and the welding techniqucs.
Key words: steel-aluminum transition joint: joint delamination; structure optimization; welding technique
收稿日期:2015-06-18
第一作者简介:黄健,?,高级工程师,1970年生。2010年毕业于上海交通大学船舶与海洋结构物设计制造专业,现从事
船体设计工作