低密度交联硬质聚氯乙烯泡沫塑料的研究.pdf

第40卷第2期
应用化
Vol 40 No. 2
201年2月
Applied Chemical Industry
Feb.2011
氐密度交联硬质聚氯乙烯泡沫塑料的研究
史爱华,张广成,马忠雷,齐锴亮,礼嵩明
(西北工业大学理学院应用化学系,陕西西安710072)
摘要:以酸酐和异氧酸酯为交联组分,糊用聚氯乙烯为基体树脂,制备了低密度交联硬质聚氯乙烯( Crosslinked
PVC)泡沫塑料。考察了甲基六氢萃酐、偏苯三酸酐和对苯二甲酸与甲苯二异酸酯及多亚甲基多苯基多异氧酸
酯的不同官能度配比对模压块和泡沫塑料交联度的影响,酸酐/异氰酸酯配比对泡沫塑料的性能影响,不同[K]值
PVC树脂对泡沫塑料的性能影响。研究表明,异氧酸酯和酸酐的官能度对模压块和泡沫塑料的交联度蟛响十分显
著,模压块中过早产生交联对后续发泡过程不利。随着酸酐/异氰酸酯摩尔比的增娜,泡沫密度减小,压缩强度降
低,且泡沫密度达到最低密度的时间缩短。当糊用PVC树脂[K]值过小时,发泡体系容易发生并泡和中间鼓泡;当
[K]值过大时,缩性能反而下降。制备的 Crosslinked_-PVC泡沫塑料具有半互穿聚合物网络结构。
关键词:聚氯乙烯;交联;泡沫塑料;半互穿聚合物网络
中图分类号:TQ328.2
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1671-3206(2011)02-0287-04
Study on crosslinked rigid polyvinyl chloride
foam plastic with low density
SH Ai-hua, ZIANG Guang-cheng, MA Zhong-lei, O] Kai-liang, L Song-ming
(Department of Applied Chemistry, School of Science, Northwestern
Polytechnical University, Xi'an 710072, China)
Abstract Crosslinked rigid polyvinyl chloride foam plastic with low density was prepared using paste PVC
resin as marix resin an e and cyanate as crosslinked components. The efets of 4-methy-hexahy-
ro alic anh ie(MHHPA meli ic an ri (TM, alic acid(PTA and toluene diiso
c anae(TD pol me h lene polyphenyl isoc anate(PAPI with different functionality ratio on crosslink-
ing degree of the embryo and the foam plastic were investigated, and the effects of the molar ratio of an
hydride to isocyanate and paste PVC resin with different K values on property of foam plastic were also
st e The esul s howe tat the functionality of isoc anate and anhydride had an important effect on
the crosslinking degree of the embryo and the foam plastic, and premature crosslinking had an adverse
effect on the foaming process. With the molar ratio of anhydride to isocyanate increasing, the foam density
the compressive strength and the time of reaching the minimum foam density were all decreased. While the
K value of the paste PVC resin was small, big bubble inside the foam plastic was observed, but if the K
value was large, the compressive strength would decrease conversely. The structure of crosslinked-pvc
foam plastic was semi-interpenetrating polymer network
Key words: polyvinyl chloride; crosslinked; foam plastic; semi-interpenetrating polymer network
低密度交联硬质聚氯乙烯( Crosslinked-PVC)泡有成本低廉、阻燃等突出优点,虽然从二次世界大战
沫塑料是目前综合性能优异的泡沫塑料之一,在船以来就已经有了该泡沫塑料的制备技术,但人们对
舶、风能、交通运输、运动器材、航空等领域具有广泛其进一步的深人研究工作从未停止,例如瑞典的
的应用价值。由于 Crosslinked-PVC泡沫塑料还具DLAB公司、瑞士 AIREX公司等在传统配方和工艺
收稿日期:2010-11-09修改稿日期:2010-11-23
作者简介:史爱华(1983-),女,河南新乡人,西北工业大学在读博士研究生,师从张广成教授,主要从事高性能聚合物泡
沫塑料的研究。电话:15109274992,E~mail:shanhua2000126.com