微型变压吸附低压差吸附工艺.pdf

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化工进
展
2009年第28卷第11期
CHEMICAL INDUSTRY AND ENGINEERING PROGRESS
1901
研究开发
微型变压吸附低压差吸附工艺
张辉,刘应书,党璐璐,李虎,罹晖
(北京科技大学机械工程学院,北京100083)
摘要:通过对微型制氧流程的实验研究和分析,确定了单节流小流量反吹和均压工艺的最佳实验参数,在保证
产氧浓度和氧气最大回收率的条件下,该工艺流程吸附压力最低。结果表明:小流量反吹エ艺可以提高产品气中
氧气浓度(体积分数),吸附塔出口端单向网可以有效降低吸附压力;双节流反吹工艺虽然可以提高产品气中氧气
浓度,但节流孔径限制了产品氧气输出,导致吸附压力升高;单节流小流量反吹工艺和均压工艺中均压时间与瞬
洗时间均存在最佳值。
关键词:低压差;清洗;高原;变压吸附;制氧
中图分类号:TQ116.14
文献标识码:A
文章编号:1000-6613(2009)11-1901-05
Experimental study on low differential pressure adsorption process of
small-scale oxygen generation by pressure swing adsorption
ZHANG Hui, LIU Yingshu, DANG Lulu, LI Hu, ZHAI Hui
( School of Mechanical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing 100083, China
Abstract: Three cycles for small-scale oxygen generation were compared through experiments, in which
the cycle with purging through one nozzle with low oxygen flux is proved to be the best. Such a cycle
can produce oxygen at lower adsorption pressure. It was found that the one-way valve can reduce
adsorption pressure and the small oxygen flux can enhance oxygen concentration in product. The cycle
with double nozzles can also increase the oxygen concentration in product, while it can hold higher
adsorption pressure because of the narrow nozzle orifice. Both purging with large flux and equalization
times have maximum values for the one nozzle purging cycle
Key words: low differential pressure; purge; high plateau; pressure swing adsorption; oxygen generation
自20世纪70年代以来,沸石分子筛对N2/O2量、节约成本,气路多采用集成式结构,如两位五
分离性能的提高促进了变压吸附制氧的迅猛发通阀、节流部件、低压差单向阀等,不易进行复杂
展リ,使其在医疗保健、隧道施工刚、煤化工、工艺的控制和结构的改进。尤其是便携式制氧机,
高炉冶炼、航空机载制氧?等各个领域发挥了重其户外使用的特点要求电池必须维持较长时间的电
要的作用。制氧规模从2Lmin到12000m3h,氧力供应,因此,必须降低制氧压差以减少电能消耗。
气浓度(体积分数,下同)介于80%~95%,满足此外,高原用变压吸附制氧装置也存在此类问题,
了各行业生产的需求。为了进一步降低能耗,大型高原气体稀薄,大气压低,空气压缩机排气量随大
制氧装置主要在结构和工と制度上进行改进,如采气压力的降低而减小,在海拔5000m高度的制氧
用卧式门、径向吸附床例和动态调整吸附工艺?,降效率只有海平面的60%。为了提高制氧效率,必须
低床层高度和床层阻力,保证在较小压差范围内制
氧高浓度氧。但是,对于机载、车载、保健、便携收稿目期:200-00.修像改稿目日期:209-0-0
等微型变压吸附制氧装置,为了减小体积、降低重
zhanghui56@meustb.edu.cn