SiO2固体酸催化合成生物柴油.pdf

PETROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
2010年第39卷第9期
Zr(SO4)2/SiO2固体酸催化合成生物柴油
闫鹏,郭海福,陈志胜,郝向英
(肇犬学院化学化工学院,东肇庆526061)
[摘要]制备了zr(SO4)2/SiO2間体酸催化剂,并用其催化工业棕裥酸与甲醇进行酯化反应合成生物柴润,考祭∫俤化剂制条
作(Zr(SO4)2负载、催化剂焙烧湍度、焙烧时间)及酯化反应条件(甲醇用量、催化剂用量和反应时间对酯化率的影响,并用
FTIR,TG-DTA,C-MS等手段对催化剂和产物迎行表和分析。实验结果表明,ar(SO4)2/SiO2固体酸催化剂在工业榈酸
和甲醇的酯化反应中其有较高的催化活性,适宜的催化剂制备条件为:Zr(SO2)2负载量(质量分数)为60%,焙烧温度3560℃,焙
烧时间2h:适宜的時化反应条件为:甲醇与棕椈酸的质量比12:25,催化剂用量为棕棡酸质量的6%,反成时间5h。在此条件下
酯化可达97.5%。酯化产物亡要为直链十六烷酸甲酯和10-「八碳烯酸甲酯
关键词]硫酸错;二氧化硅;体酸催化剂;棕榈酸;棕酸甲硝;生物柴油
文章编号」1000-8144(2010)09-0984-G5
中图分类号]TQ032.4
「文献标识码1A
Synthesis of Biodiesel Catalyzed by Solid Acid Zr(O, )2/Si0
Yan Peng, Guo Haifut, Chen Zhisheng, Hao Xiangying
( School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Zhaoqing University, Zhaoqing Guangdong 526061, China
Abstract] Zr(SO 2 /Sio, solid acid catalyst was prepared and applied to synthesis of biodiesei
from commercial palmitic acid and methanol through esterification. Effects of Zr( SO,) loading in the
catalyst, calcination temperature and calcination time of catalyst, mass ratio of methanol to palmitic
acid, catalyst dosage and reaction time on the esterification rate were investigated. The catalyst and the
products were analyzed by means of FTTR, TG-DTA and GC-MS. Results showed that Zr(SO )2/
Sio, exhibited high catalytic activity in the esterification of palmitic acid and methanol. The
appropriate catalyst preparation onditions were as followed Zr( SO), loading( based on total mass of
catalyst )60%, calcination temperature 350 C and calcination time 2 h. Under suitable esterification
conditions: mass ratio of methanol to palmitic acid 12 25, mass fraction of Zr(SO )/io in
palmitic acid 6% and reaction time 5 h, the esterification rate could reach 7. 5. GC-MS analysis
showed that the products were mainly methyl palmitate and methy] 10-octadecenate
I Keywords zirconium sulfate; silica; solid acid catalyst palmitic acid; methyl palmitate; biodiesel
由于石化能源的日益耗竭和不可再生,生物关注2
柴油作为种绿色可冉生资源成为人们研究的热
生物柴油的制备主要采用酯交换法,传统的生
点,制备生物柴油的主要原料有大豆、油菜料、废产工艺是以液体酸碱为催化剂。間体酸是种绿
弁动植物油等。棕棡油是一种价廉易得的原料,色环保型催化剂6,?,方面它不受原料中游离脂
在食品,洗涤用品、化妆品、油脂化工及生物柴油肪酸和水分的影响,可以以廉价的废弁油脂为原
方面有着重要用途。目前,悰榈油己超过大豆油科,在降低生产成本的同时减少了环境污染;另
而成为世界上生产量、消费量和国际贸易量最大
的植物油品种。出于床榨后的粗棕棡油含有较
收稿日期」2010-03-19;[修改稿日期]2010-05-20
多的游离胎肪酸和其他杂质,因此一般要经过精
作者简介」鹏(1981ー),男,内蒙古自治区兴和县人,硕士,电话
13760054767,电邮peng5607@163.com。联系人:郭海稱,电话
制,在此过程中副产的棕榈酸产量叮观,价格低
132976326,电邮 guohaifu(@zqu,edu,cn。
廉。因此,以棕榈油、棕棡酸等为原料生产生物柴基金项目1广东省自然科学基金资助项日(7030庆市科技
油具有较好的应用前景,已经受到国内外研究者的计划项日(2008004.20003):塋庆学院青年项?(0924)