三维光学检测冰箱门外壳成形回弹值获取研究.pdf

2014年2月
机床与液压
Feb.2014
第42卷第3期
MACHINE TOOL, HYDRAULICS
Vol 42 No
DOI:10.3969/j.iss.1001-381.2014.03.024
三维光学检测冰箱门外壳成形回弹值获取研究
张徳海,白代萍',杨勇',王良文,郭成2
(1.郑州轻工业学院机电工程学院,河南郑州450002;
2.西安交通大学机械工程学院,陕西西安710049)
摘要:针对冰箱门外壳因高塑性、小弹性模量和曲率半径大导致的成形回弹量难以精确预测和测量的问题,采用三维
光学检测方法去获得门外壳的三维回弹量。该检测方法由摄影测量技术和计算机双目视觉技术组成,通过对实际零件测试
获得点云数模,与设计的CAD数模进行基准对齐后,根据实际需要在任意位置作截面线,获得两个数模之间的差值,即回
弹值,包含大小和角度两个方面。以某型号冰箱门外壳为研究对象进行了测试,以第一个截线读取结果为例,研究表明:
回弹最大值为7.346mm,最小值1.426m,最大回弹角为13.791°,最小回弹角1.739。说明该方法可以实现回弹数值大
小和回弹角度的检测
关键词;检测;回弹;弹性模量;摄影测量
中图分类号:TP391;TG806文献标识码:A文章编号:1001-3881(2014)3-085-5
Study on Springback Value Compute of Refrigerator Door Shell Using 3D
Optical Measurement
ZHANG Dehai], BAI Daiping, YANG Yong, WANG Liangwen, GUO Cheng
1. Mechanical and Electrical Engineering Institute, Zhengzhou University of Light Industry
Zhengzhou Henan 450002, China
2. School of Mechanical Engineering, Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi an Shaanxi 710049, China)
Abstract Aiming at the problem of forming springback quantity is difficult to accurately predict and measure because of the re-
frigerator door shell is posed of higher plasticity, smaller modulus of elasticity and bigger radius of curvature, the three dimensional
(3 optical measurement method was adopted to compute springback value of the door shell. The measurement method was composed
of photogrammetry and computer binocular vision technologies. The point cloud math model of the actual parts was obtained using the
measurement method, and aligned with design AD model. Afterwards the section line was obtained in random position according to
actual needs. The obtained difference between both models was springback value including the two aspects of magnitude and angle
field. A certain type of refrigerator door shell was measured as a studying object. By the example of reading result of No. 1 section line
the study indicates that maximum value of springback is at 7.4 mm and minimum at 1.426 mm, the maximum sprin back angle val
ue at 13. 791 and minimum springback angle at 1. 739. It shows that this method can achieve the measurement value of springback
gnitude and angle
Keywords: Measurement; Springback; Modulus of elasticity; Photogrammetry
冰箱门外壳多数属于大曲率半径冲压件,回弹是与毛坯建立相应的数值模型,并进行成形回弹分析,
其成形过程中存在的主要问题之一。而出于美观化和再将回弹误差量反向补偿到模具网格上。这类方法具
实用化的考虑,VCM钢板和喷涂钢板得到大量采用,有很好的通用性,但没有考虑到制造工程多品种小批
其高塑性或小弹性模量使得回弹问题进一步突出,从·量的具体特点。
成形工艺上进行控制是目前常用的方法,如对压边
三维光学检测技术作为一种新兴的非接触测量方
力、拉延筋力等的调整-2。基于数值模拟的回弹补法,随着计算机技术和光学技术的成熟而得到了迅猛
偿算法,一般须借助有限元软件,利用设计好的模面的发展。该检测方法对于大型或超大型工件、小型或
收稿日期:2013-01-24
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(21206152);河南省基础与前沿技术研究项目(13230410181);河南省教育厅科学技
术研究重点项目科技攻关计划(13A460372);河南省教育斤科学技术研究重点项目指导计划项目(13B460333)
郑州市科技攻关项目(131 PPTGG4l1-7);郑州轻工业学院校一般项目科研基金项目(2012X1012);郑州轻工
业学院博士科研基金资助项目
作者简介:张德海(1973ー),男,博士,副教授,高级工程师,研究方向为先进材料成形过程控制、三维光学检测及其相
关研究。E-mail:zhangdehai0318@163.com。