以六氟丙烯二聚体为基础的表面活性的合成与性能.pdf

第25卷第11期
化学研究与应用
Vol 25.No I1
2013年11月
Chemical Research and Application
Nov.,2013
文章编号:1004-1656(2013)11-1523-05
以六氟丙烯二聚体为基础的表面活性的合成与性能
杨百勤,王林,杨健,刘瑾
(陕西科技大学化学与化工学院陕西科技大学教育部轻化工助剂
与技术重点实验室,陜西西安710021)
摘要:以六氟丙烯二聚体为原料,与2-二甲氨基乙胺反应制取了中间体N,N-二甲基-N-(2-三氟甲基-1-五氟
乙基)全氟丙烯基乙二胺,然后分别与四种不同碳链长度的溴代烷烃进行季铵化反应,得到四种季铵盐型含
氟阳离子表面活性剂。经表面张力测试发现四种产物均有较好的表面张力性能,其水溶液的最低表面张力均
接近25mN~m',优于传统的碳氢表面活性剂;经接触角测试发现四种含氟表面活性剂均可以将水在PT(对
苯二甲酸乙二醇酯)和石蜡界面上的接触角降低到20°左右,对水在疏水界面上的铺展有很好的促进作用。
探讨了亲水头基大小对该类氟表面活性剂的影响,结果表明改变亲水头基大小对该类氟表面活性剂影响不
大,并通过分析指出对其表面活性和润湿性能起主要作用的是氟碳链疏水端。它们的细微差别可以从疏水基
团的排列形态和溶液表面的吸附状态角度解释。
关键词:氟表面活性剂;六氟丙烯二聚体;阳离子;季铵盐;表面张力;接触角
中阳分类号:0647.2文獻标志码:A
Synthesis and properties of fluorinated surfactants
based on hexafluoropropene dimmer
YANG Bai-qin", WANG Lin, YANG Jian, LIU Jin
Key Laboratory of Auxiliary Chemistry&Technology for Chemical Industry, Ministry of Education
Shaanxi University of Science&Technology, Xi' an 710021 China
Atra: n e m t l-m -a elur prenyl ethane diamine was prepared with
hexafluoropropene dimmer and 2-(dimethylamino ) ethylamine, which was used to prepare four quaternary ammonium cationic fluori
nated surfactants with bromoethane, 1-bromobutane, 1-bromohexane and 1-bromooctane respectively. The results of surface tension
measurements indicated that all the four fluorinated surfactants displayed higher surface activity, and the minimum surface tension in
aqueous solution were as low as 5 MN which was etter than the traditional hydrocarbon surfactants. According to the
angle measurements, they could reduce the contact angle between water and ethylene terephthalate as well as paraffin to 20, which
was favorable for the spreading of water on the two interfaces. The effects of the size of hydrophilic group on the performance of these
cationic fluorate surfactants were discussed It showed that the size of h drophilic group was insignificantly to their surface activi-
ty while fluorocarbon chains could influence their surface activity and wetting properties ramatically on count of strong hydropho
icty. The de iled i eees etween the ao of these surfactants could be explained from the arrangement form of hydro-
phobic groups and adsorption state on the air/water interface
收稿日期:2013-0424;修回日期:2013-0707
基金项目:陕西省教育厅基金项目(No.09JK364)资助
联系人简介:杨百勤(1962-),男,教授,主要从事表面活性剂物理化学的研究。E-mail:yang@sust.edu.cn