开孔泡沫金属紧凑式换热器高温力学性能研究.pdf

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第47卷第16期
机械工程学报
Vol47 No16
2011年8月
JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING
2011
DOI:10.3901JME.2011.16.112
开孔泡沫金属紧凑式换热器高温力学性能硏究
周帼彦涂善东轩福贞王正东
(华东理工大学承压系统与安全教育部重点实验室上海200237)
摘要:基于开孔泡沫金属的特性,研发板泡式热交换器,通过单轴拉伸试验获得316不锈钢泡沫金属的短时力学性能和长时
粘弹性参数,在此基础上引入小挠度薄板理论,将板泡结构简化作支承于地基上的薄板,基于对应性原理和数值逆变换方法,
采用 FORTRAN90编制程序,计算板泡结构的粘弹性弯曲变形和粘弹性弯曲应力,并与有限元模拟结果进行对比,验证该分
析计算方法用于表征承压板泡式热交换器结构粘弹性行为的可行性与准确性。进而分析开孔泡沫金属结构参数对板泡结构的
粘弹性弯曲变形和粘弹性弯曲应力的影响情况,结果表明开孔泡沫金属的孔隙率对板泡结构的安全性影响相对较大。
关键词:开孔泡沫泡沫金属紧凑式换热器粘弹性有限元数值模拟
中图分类号:O345TK412
Study on High Temperature Mechanical Properties of Compact Heat
Exchanger Based on Open-cell Metal Foam
ZHOU Guoyan TU Shandong XUAN Fuzhen WANG Zhengdong
(Key Laboratory of Pressure System and Safety of Ministry of Education
East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai 200237)
Abstract: Plate-foam heat exchanger is developed on the basis of properties of open-cell metal foam. The short-term mechanical
properties and long-term viscoelastic parameters of 316 stainless steel metal foam are measured in uniaxial tension experiments
Based on these parameters and small deflection thin plate heor the plate- oam structure is simplified as a thin plate supported on the
foundation. A computer program based on FORTRAN90 is developed by using the correspondence principle and the numerical
inversion of Laplace transform. Then the viscoelastic bending deflection and stress of the plate-foam structure are analyzed. The
feasibility and accuracy of he method are verified by a comparison of the analytical results with finite element simulations. The
esus show at te analytical soltion s n g amen with he meal e ur emore the effects of the structural
parameters of the open-cell metal foam on the viscoelastic bending deflection and stress of the plate-foam structure are investigated
The results show that the relative density has a relatively great influence on the safety of the plate-foam structure
Key words: Open-cell foam Metal foam Compact heat exchanger Viscoelasticity Finite element Numerical simulation
使其具有较大的比表面积和良好的流通性能。由此,
以开孔泡沫金属作为流体通道的各种换热设备的相
关研究也得到了迅速发展2?。
多孔泡沫金属材料是20世纪80年代后期国际
另外,随着微机电系统( Micro- electro-
上迅速发展起来的一种具有优异物理特性和良好机 mechanical systems,MEMS)的发展和进步,化学能
械性能的新型工程材料,一般由铸造、粉末治金、源动力装置的微小化已成为不可回避的问题?,化
金属沉积和纤维烧结等4种方法加工而成,具有一学、热力过程设备也随之越来越紧凑。传统的紧凑
定的强度、延展性和可加工性。对于开孔泡沫金式换热器,如板式换热器和板翅式换热器,存在传
属リ,高孔隙率和复杂的三维立体网状结构(图1)热效率不高、加工制造难度较大等不足。而开孔泡
沫金属材料由于质量较小,空间占有率较小,加之
国家自然科学基金6090和上海市自然科学基金(0ZR140900金属材料良好的导热性能,使得流体从泡沫金属中
资助项目。20110105收到初稿,20110430收到修改稿