美军标MIL-STD-1916.pdf

AMSC N/AAREA QCIC DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TEST METHOD STANDARD DOD PREFERRED METHODS FOR ACCEPTANCE OF PRODUCT NOT MEASUREMENT SENSITIVE MIL-STD-1916 1 April 1996 MIL-STD-1916 ii F O R E W O R D 1.This Military Standard is approved for use by all Departments and Agencies of the Department of Defense (DoD). 2.Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Commander, U.S. Army Armament Research, Development and Engineering Center, ATTN: AMSTA-AR-EDE-S, Picatinny Arsenal, NJ 07806-5000, by using the self-addressed Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document or by letter. 3.DoD procurement practices encourage industry innovation and provide flexibility to achieve the benefits of continuous improvement. 4.There is an evolving industrial product quality philosophy that recognizes the need for quality policy changes that will provide defense contractors with opportunities and incentives toward improvement of product quality and cooperative relationships between the contractor and the Government. 5.Process controls and statistical control methods are the preferable means of preventing nonconformances, controlling quality, and generating information for improvement. An effective process control system may also be used to provide information to assess the quality of deliverables submitted for acceptance. Suppliers are encouraged to use process control and statistical control procedures for their internal control and to submit effective process control procedures in lieu of prescribed sampling requirements to the Government for approval. 6.Sampling inspection by itself is an inefficient industrial practice for demonstrating conformance to the requirements of a contract and its technical data package. The application of sampling plans for acceptance involves both consumer and producer risks; and increased sampling is one way of reducing these risks, but it also increases costs. Suppliers can reduce risks by employing efficient processes with appropriate process controls. To the extent that such practices are employed and are effective, risk is controlled and, consequently, inspection and testing can be reduced. 7.The following points provide the basis for this standard: a.Contractors are required to submit deliverables that conform to requirements and to generate and maintain sufficient evidence of conformance. b.Contractors are responsible for establishing their own manufacturing and process controls to produce results in accordance with requirements. c.Contractors are expected to use recognized prevention practices such as process controls and statistical techniques. 8.This standard also provides a set of sampling plans and procedures for planning and conducting inspections to assess quality and conformance to contract requirements. This standard complies with the DoD policy of eliminating acceptable quality levels (AQLs) and associated practices within specifications. MIL-STD-1916 C O N T E N T S PARAGRAPHPAGE iii 1.SCOPE .1 1.1Scope.1 1.2Applicability .1 1.3Applications.1 1.4Product requirements.1 1.5Limitations.2 2.APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS .3 2.1General.3 2.2Non-Government publications .3 2.3 Order of precedence .4 3.DEFINITIONS.5 3.1Acronyms used in this standard .5 3.2Acceptance.5 3.3Contract quality requirements .5 3.4Critical characteristic .5 3.5Critical nonconforming unit .5 3.6Government contract quality assurance .6 3.7Inspection.6 3.8Major characteristic .6 3.9Major nonconforming unit .6 3.10Minor characteristic.6 3.11Minor nonconforming unit .6 3.12Nonconformance .6 3.13Nonconforming unit .6 3.14Production inter val.6 3.15Quality.6 3.16Quality assurance.6 3.17Quality audit.6 3.18Quality program.6 3.19Screening inspection .7 3.20Traceability.7 3.21Verification level (VL) .7 4.GENERAL REQUIREMENTS.8 4.1Acceptance by contractor-proposed provisions .8 4.1.1General.8 4.1.2Requirements and procedures .8 MIL-STD-1916 C O N T E N T S PARAGRAPHPAGE iv 4.1.3Submission and incorporation .9 4.1.3.1Submission .9 4.1.3.2Incorporation.9 4.1.4Withdrawal of approval of alternates .9 4.2Acceptance by table s.9 4.2.1Preferred sampling plans .9 4.2.2Formation and identification of lots or batches .9 4.2.3Determination of sampling plan .10 4.2.4Sampling of lots or batches .10 4.2.4.1Selection of units .10 4.2.4.2Representative (stratified) sampling .10 4.2.4.3Process of sampling .10 4.2.4.4Non-conforming product .10 4.3Disposition of nonconforming product.11 4.4Critical characteristics .11 4.5Special reservations for critical nonconformance.11 5.DETAILED REQUIREMENTS.12 5.1Acceptance by contractor proposed-provisions .12 5.1.1Quality system plan .12 5.1.2Prevention-based quality system .12 5.1.3Process focus of quality system .12 5.1.4Objective evidence of quality system implementation and e