微波条件下阳离子交换树脂催化提质生物油.pdf

石油化工
2010年第39卷第1期
PETROCHEMICAL TECHNOLOGY
研究与开发
微波条件下阳离子交换树脂催化提质生物油
陈宏桦,蒋晓原,张凤,楼辉,郑小明
(浙江大学理学院化学系催化研究所,浙江杭州310028)
摘要]针对生物油的化学组成特点,以降低酸性和提高燃烧热为目标,采用催化酯化方法提质生物油。具体方法为:采用微波加
热,以732型阳离子交换树脂为催化剂,添加乙进行催化酯化反应。适宜的反应条件为:催化剂1.5g,乙醇10mL,生物油
5mL,反应时间30min,反应温度70℃,在该条件下乙酸转化率达到62.3%。根据GC-MS分析,提质后生物油的组分得到明显
优化,除羧酸转化成酯类外,酮类、醛类和酚类等对生物油性能不利的组分都不同程度被转化。提质后生物油的运动黏度降至粗
生物油的70.2%,而燃烧热则比粗生物油提高了17.24%。微波加热与水浴加热相比,达到最大乙酸转化率的时间缩短了约2/3。
关鍵词]生物油;催化酯化;提质;阳离子交换树脂;微波
[文章编号]1000-8144(2010)01-0013-04[中图分类号]TQ203.2[文献标识码]A
Upgrading of Bio-oill Catalyzed by Cation Exchange Resin with Microwave
hen Honghua, Jiang Xiaoyuan, Zhang Feng, Lou Hui, Zheng Xiaoming
Institute of Catalysis,, Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou Zhejiang 310028, China)
Abstract] According to composition of crude bio-oil, a method for upgrading the crude bio-oil to
reduce its acidity and heighten its heating value was brought forward. The crude bio-oil was upgraded
through esterification with ethanol using 732 "cation exchange resin as catalyst and microwave heating
The crude bio-oil and the upgraded bio-oil were analyzed by means of GC-MS and the results indicated
that the performances of the bio-oil were improved greatly after the upgrading. Under the optimal
conditions: catalyst 1. 5 g, ethanol 10 ml, crude bio-oil 5 ML, reaction time 30 min and reaction
temperature 70 C, acetic acid conversion was 62. 3%. The contents of the adverse components such
s acids, ketones, aldehydes and phenols contained in the crude bio-oil reduced after the upgrading
process. The kinematical viscosity of the upgraded bio-oil decreased by 29.8% and its heating value
ncreased by 17. 24% after the upgrading. Furthermore, microwave heating could promote the
upgrading process more effectively than traditional water-bath heating
Keywords] bio-oil; catalytic esterification upgrading; cation exchange resin; microwave
生物油是植物秸秆、茎叶等经短时间的热解反是乙酸)与醇类进行酯化反应?。可用于催化酯化
应及快速冷却的产物,具有原料充足、可再生、价格反应的固体催化剂很多,目前应用较多的有沸石分
低廉等优点,被认为是最有可能部分替代化石能源子筛?和SO0/M.O,固体超强酸等,但这两种
的可再生能源,受到广泛关注。但生物油黏稠、催化剂在生物油体系中都存在严重失活的问题。
热值低、稳定性差、酸性强,因此需要对其进行提
酯化反应是最早利用微波的有机反应之
质。目前主要通过催化加氢脱氧?、蒸汽催化裂在微波作用下,酯化反应速率比传统加热法提高
解]、乳化1、水蒸气重整?、催化酯化等方法1.3~96.0倍2。
时生物油进行提质。
催化酯化是中国科学院广州能源研究所针对收目期200-06-19:1修改荷目期201-10-26
生物油的化学组成特点,以降低酸性和提高热值为
作者简介]陈宏桦(1987~-),男,浙江省温岭市人,大学,电话
13616516481,电邮chenhonghua19163.com。联系人:蒋晓原,电鄘
日标提出的新的提质生物油的方法。通常是在固
ylang@mail.h2.ぶ.cn
体酸或固体碱的作用下,使生物油中的羧酸(主要基金项目】因家重点基础研究父展计划项目(2007cB210204)