费尔干纳盆地超深层油气成藏系统.pdf

第36卷第4期
石油实地质
Vol 36. No 4
2014年7月
PETROLEUM GEOLOGY &EXPERIMENT
Jul.,2014
文章编号:1001-6112(2014)04-0450-09
doi:10.11781/ sysydz20140450
费尔干纳盆地超深层油气成藏系统
徐洪,杨玉峰
(中国石油天然气勘探开发公司,北京100034)
摘要:费尔干纳盆地中央地堑带新生界中普遍发育超高压异常,其与构造挤压环境、快速沉降不均衡压实以及持续的生烃作用有关。
这种超高压环境对深层油气的生成、聚集成藏产生了重要的影响。主要目的层新近系埋深超过5000m,仍以液态烃产出,深层高孔
髙渗类砂岩储层是河道砂岩在超高压环境下未经正常压实形成的,表现为取心收获率低、生产过程中易出砂的特征;而低孔高渗类
储层与高压形成的水力破裂裂缝有关。古近系碳酸盐岩储层中高含硫化氢气体来源于TSR反应,SR作用使含石膏碳酸盐岩储层
物性得到了显著的改善,其油层组胚力系数稍低于新近系油层组是重烃类气体损耗、储集空间增大炳方面因素叠加的绪果。中央地
堑带主要目的层成藏系统划分为上部E-E3N紊统和下部JK-E12系统;上部高产储层主要受河道砂岩和超高压控制,下部高产层主
要受潟湖相的含石膏碳酸盐岩储层挖制,2个含油气系统的压力、流体性质均有较大的差别,适宜于分层开采。
关键词:异常高压;深层;油气成藏系统;费尔干納盆地
中图分类号:TE122.3
文献标识码:A
Ultra-deep petroleum accumulation systems in Fergana Basin
Xu Hong, Yang Yufeng
(China National Oil-gas Exploration &Development Corporation, Beijing 100034, hina
Abstract In the central graben zone of the Fergana Basin, overpressures were widespread during Cenozoic
which might be related to tectonic compression environment, disequilibrium compaction caused by quick sedi-
mentation and continuous hydrocarbon generation. The ultra-high pressure environment had important effects on
deep oil and gas generation, migration and accumulation. The main reservoirs were buried over 5 000 m deep in
Neogene, and mainly gave birth to liquid hydrocarbons. The high-porosity and high-permeability sandstone reser-
voirs in deep formations came from fluvial sandstones under ultra-high pressure, and were featured by low coring
recovery rate and high sand production. The low-porosity and high-permeability reservoirs were related to hydrau
lic fractures caused by high pressure. In the carbonate reservoirs in Paleogene, HS was in high content, mainl
generating from thermochemical sulfate reduction(TSR), which obviously improved the physical property of g
sum carbonate reservoirs. The formation pressure coefficient was slightly lower than that of Neogene, which could
be explained by heavy hydrocarbon gas loss and reservoir space increase. The main petroleum systems in the cen
tral graben zone can be divided into the upper E- N system and the lower JK-E, 2 system. High-production
reservoirs of the upper E-E N petroleum system are controlled by channel sandstones and overpressure, while
those of the lower JK-E-A petroleum system are mainly affected by the gypsum-containing carbonate reservoirs of
lagoon facies. The two systems are totally different in pressure and fluid properties, hence are suitable for slicing
production.
Key words: abnormal high pressure; deep formation petroleum accumulation system; Fergana Basin
费尔纳盆地位于中天山和南天山之间,为北探打开了新局面リ。位于费尔干纳盆地中央地堑带
东一南西向延伸的长条形山间盆地,面积3.8×10的明格布拉克油田就是在油气勘探活动100年之后
km2,横跨塔吉克、鸟兹别克和吉尔吉斯3个国家,主的新发现。在埋深超5000m的砂岩储层中发现
体在马国境内,面积1.7×10°km2。盆地的油气勘探了单井日产超1000t的高产油藏,在近6000m深
活动始于19世纪末,共发现50多个油气田,在乌国的碳酸盐岩储层中发现了高产油气流。费尔干纳
境内油气田23个,探明石油储量约3.2x10°t。中外盆地是中国石油海外油气战略的目标区之一,同时
勘探实践表明,很多几近枯竭的老油区通过深层勘它又与我国西部一些盆地在构造沉积演化等方面
收稿日期:2013-03-11;修订日期:2014-05~28
作者简介:徐洪(1964-),男,高级工程师,从事海外油气勘探开发和石油地质综合研究工作。E-ml:xuhong@onpaint.com