表面涂层改善柴油机喷油嘴抗磨性能的研究.pdf

2016年5月
润滑与密封
May 2016
第41卷第5期
LUBRICATION ENGINEERING
Vol 41 No
DOI:10.3969/j.isn.0254-0150.2016.05.021
表面涂层改善柴油机喷油嘴抗磨性能的研究
张勇郭大庆龚堤温比剑
(华南理工大学机械与汽车工程学院广东厂广州510640)
摘要:提出在针的密封锥闸上喷涂表涂层来提高喷油嘴抗磨损性能的方案。根据喷油嘴的材料性能要求,选
出AO,和DIC2种代表性的表丽涂层材料,利用 ANSYS 1伤真分析喷涂2种涂层斤喷油嘴的接触应力分布。结果表
明,2种涂层材料显著提高了针阀密封锥向的强度、硬度和许用成力,针阀密封锥闻承受冲击能力増强,其中DC涂
层对针阀偶件的保护作用更好;随着针阀密封锥面凃层厚度的増大,针阀偶件的最大接触应力減小,应力集中区域减
8小并向涂层上转移。通过发动机实验測试喷涂DLC涂层的针阀偶件的抗磨损性能。结果表明,D儿C涂层针阀抗磨损性
能明显好于无涂层针网
关键词:喷油嘴;密封锥;DI.C涂层;抗磨损
中图分类号:T117.1文献标志码:A文章编号:0254-(0150(2016)05-102-06
Research on Wear Resistance Improvement of Diesel Nozzles Applied
Surface Coating
ZHANG Yong GUO Daging GONG Di WEN Bijian
School of Mechanical and Automotive Engineerin, South China University of Technology, Guan zhou
Guangdong 510640, China)
Abstract: A method was pul forward to improve the wear resistance performance of nozzle by spraying surface coating on
the sealing cone of needle. Based on the material requirement of nozzle, A1, 0, and DLC were selected as two kinds of repre
sentative surface coating. The contact stress distribution of diesel nozzles applied these two coating were anal yzed using soft
ware ASY. The results show that strenth, harness, allowable stress and impact resistance of the needle'sealing cone are
significantly improved by Al, 0, and DIC coatings, and DIC coating has better protective effect on needle couples With the
increasing of coating thickness sprayed on the sealing cone of needle, the maximum contact stress of needle couples is re
duced, the stress concenlralion is decreased and is transfered lo the coaling. Engine tesl was conducted Lo check the wear
resistance of needle couples sprayed DI,C coating. The results indicate that the wear resistance performance of needle is in
deed enhanced aller adding DIC coating
Keywords: diesel nozzles; sealing cone; DL coating; wear resistance
柴油机喷油嘴是柴油供油系统最关键的部件之出针阀偶件的失效形式有针阀的磨损、穴蚀的产生
喷油嘴长期在高温高压和燃气腐蚀的环境下工和针阀偶件的烧结;程兆良等对390型大功率柴
作,其内部的高速运动件与燃油中微小机械杂质反复油机的喷油器进行改进,将针阀直径由11mm改为
挤斥摩擦,极易被腐蚀和磨损。因此,喷油嘴是柴汕10mm,将密封座而的锥角由60°改为90°,将阀体
供给系统中故障频率较高的部件之一。
压力室巾阶梯形改为直孔形。实验结果表明,改进
目前,国内外的学者对喷油嘴做了大量的研后的喷油器喷雾效果良好,磨损減少,使用寿命显
究。于善虎等分析了针阀偶件的磨损机理,总结著提高。AN等根据材料力学和弹性力学理论,
推导了喷油器针阀冲击应力的计算公式,并利用有
收稿日期:2015-09-04
限元软件对针阀偶件的碰撞过程进行仿真分析。仿
作者简介:张勇(1969),男、博士,教授,博士研究生导真结果表明,针阀的直径対其冲击应力影响比较
师,研究方向为内燃机结构、混合动力、车辆电子、摩擦学.大,弹簧的刚度系数以及预紧力对冲击应力影响比
E-mail:drzhangy(@scut.edu.cn
较小。文献[5-7]建立了多孔式油器中燃油
通讯作者:郭大庆(1991-),男,预士研究生,研究方向为电流动的数值模型。该模型可以模拟燃油斥力、流速
控喷油器摩擦损、高压共轨.F-a:188110016:c0m:的变化与喷油嘴结构的关系,从而优化喷汕器的设