基于蜂群算法的机床主轴对流换热系数优化 -学兔兔 www.xuetutu.com.pdf

下““第36卷第12期
仪器仪表学报
Vol 36 No, 12
2015年12月
Chinese Journal of Scientific Instrument
Dec.2015
基于蜂群算法的机床主轴对流换热系数优化“
片锦香,刘美佳,张丽秀,吴玉厚,宫巍
(沈阳建筑大学信息与控制工程学院沈阳110168)
摘要:机床主轴温度场分析是一种减少主轴热误差、提高主轴精度及其稳定性的重要方法。作为热分析边界条件中关键参数
的对流换热系数,其值大小反映了主轴零部件表面与空气对流换热的强度,对主轴有限元温度场分析结果的影响最为明显。以
170C6-DM机械主轴为研究对象,深入研究主轴对流换热系数的影响因素,提出一种基于入工蜂群优化算法的机床主轴换
热系数优化算法。实验表明,提出的蜂群算法能够根据环境温度和转速而自动寻找优化的主轴换热系数。与传统的经验确定
对流换热系数方法相比,主轴前轴承处的计算最大误差、平均误差、均方差分别提高了大约4.54℃、2.87℃、1.65℃,主轴后轴
承处的计算最大误差、平均误差、均方差分别提高了大约7.12℃、3.49℃、2.41℃。
关键词:对流换热系数;主轴温度;人工蜂群算法;机械主轴
中图分类号:TH133文献标识码:A国家标准学科分类代码:460.3530
Optimization of convective heat transfer coefficients of machine
tool spindle based on bee colony algorith
Pian Jinxiang, Liu Meijia, Zhang Lixiu, Wu Yuhou, Gong Wei
School of Information and Control Engineering, Shenyang Jianzhu University, Shenyang 110168, China
Abstract: Temperature field analysis of machine tool spindle is an important method to reduce thermal error and improve accuracy and
stability of the spindle. Convective heat transfer coefficient is the key parameter in the boundary conditions of thermal analysis, its value
reflects the intensity of the convective heat transfer between the surface of the spindle parts and the air, which has most obvious influence
on the spindle temperature field finite element analysis result. In this paper, the DM-170CP06 mechanical spindle is taken as the study
object the influence factors of the spindle heat transfer coefficient are studied in-depth, a new optimization algorithm of machine tool
spindle heat transfer coefficient based on artificial bee colony optimization algorithm is proposed. Experiment shows, the proposed bee
colony algorithm ean automatically find the optimal solution of the spindle heat transfer coefficient according to the environment tempera-
ture and rotational speed. Compared with the traditional method that determines the convective heat transfer coefficient empirically, the
calculated maximum error, average error and RMS error on the front bearing of the spindle are improved by about 4. 54 C, 2.87 C and
1. C: the calculated maximum error, average error and RMS error on the rear bearing of the spindle are improved by about 7.12 t
3.49Cand2.41C
Keywords convective heat transfer coefficient; spindle temperature; artificial bee colony algorithm; mechanical spindle
精度要求越来越高,主轴作为数控机床的重要组成部分
1引言
其性能的好坏直接影响数控机床整体的加工水平,主轴
内部温度场分析是一种减小主轴热误差、提高数控机床
加工精度及其稳定性的重要方法"2。一个准确的主轴
随着现代机械制造技术的发限,对数控机床加工的温度场分布模型通常利用有限元方法对主轴温度场进行
收稿日期:2015-10 Received Date:2015-10
基金项目:国家自然科学基金(51375317)项目资助