PDC钻头定向喷嘴井底流场数值模拟.pdf

第39卷第6期
油
Vol 39 No 6
2011年11月
PETROLEUM DRILLING TECHNIQLE
Nov.,2011
钻采机械
doi:10.3969/j.issn.1001-0890.2011.06,023
PDC钻头定向喷嘴井底流场数值模拟
黄英勇,李根生,宋先知,付加胜
(油气资源与探測国家重点实验室(中国石油大学),北京昌平102249)
摘要:为提高定向喷嘴PDC钻头清洗井底的效果,最大限度地减少钻头泥包的形成。利用计算流体力学理
论和数值模拟方法,建立了定向喷嘴PDOC钻头的物理模型,并确定了定向喷嘴PDC钻头的物理模型参数,对定向
喷嘴和定向喷嘴PDC钻头的井底流场特性进行了分析。结果表明:在定向喷嘴的结构参数中,双流道的直径组合
与侧向流道的倾角是影响流量分配的主要因素,侧孔倾角为45°时,既能满足流量分配的要求,又便于加工;定向喷
嘴侧向射流将回流限制在新冲击区的上方,减小了井底漩涡区域,与漫流层的叠加补偿了其能量损失,刀翼切削面
处的低速区也变小,对井底清岩起到较好的作用,有利于抑制泥包的形成。定向喷嘴与常规水力结构设计相结合
可以在预防和清除PDC钻头泥包方面发挥自身的优势,达到提高机械钴速的目的。
关键词:PDC钻头定向喷嘴井底流场值模拟钻头泥包
中图分类号:TE921+,1文献标识码:A文章编号:1001-0890(2011)06-0099-05
Numerical Simulation of Bottomhole Flow Field of PD Bit with Orientation Nozle
Huang Yingyong, Li Gensheng, Song Xianzhi, Fu Jiasheng
(State Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources and Prospecting (China University of Petroleum)
Beijing, 102249, China)
Abstract: In order to improve bottom hole cleaning efficiency of PIC bit with orientation nozzle and to
prevent bit balling farthest, a physical model of PDC bit with orientation nozzle was established, and the pa-
rameters of physical model were confirmed. The characteristics of bottom flow field of PDC bit and its ori
entation nozzle were analyzed using computational hydromechanics theory and numerical simulation. The
results indicate that the diameter combination of two fluid-channels and the obliquity of the lateral channel
are main factors for flow rate distribution in the structural parameters of orientation nozzle. When the incli
nation angle of lateral nozzle is 45, the requirement of flow distribution of bit nozzle is satisfied and bi
nozzle is easy to manufacture. The jet flow of lateral nozzle restricts the backflow in the upper impact zone
and reduces the area of bottom vortex Combined cross flow layer with impact zone can compensate the loss
of energy. The low velocity zone at blade wing was reduced, which can give positive effects for cleaning bot-
tomhole and restrain bit balling Orientation nozzles coupled with conventional hydraulic structure can pre-
vent or eliminate PDC bit balling and increase the penetration rate.
Key words: PDC bit; orientation nozzle; bottomhole flow field; numerical simulation; bit balling
在钻井作业中,抑制钻头泥包的形成和发展对提
高钻井速度、保障钴井安全非常重要。PDC钻头定向
收稿日期:2011-03-10;改回日期:2011-10-17
喷嘴是一种带一个或多个侧孔的射流喷嘴,安装在
作者简介:黄英勇(1975一),男,越南人,1998年毕业于河内地
PDC钴头上,通过多路射流清洗钴头,以最大限度防质-大学石油系油气井结深エ程专业,2003年获河内地质一田大学
止泥包的产生和冷却切削齿。国内外对PDC钻头流
油气井钻探工程专业顾士学位,油气井工程专业在读博士研究生,从
场进行了较多的理论与数值研究,并采用理论分
事油气井工程研究
联系方式:(010)89733988,huangyycup@163.com。
析、室内实验或者数值模拟的方法,对PDC的本体结
基金项目:国家重点基础研究发展计划(“973”计划)项目“深井
构、喷嘴布置、结构、组合等影响PDC钻头破岩和清复条地层安全高放井基融研究"(编号:2010C12270部分研究
岩效果的因素进行了大量的研究。,并取得了一定内容