复杂性科学理论在中国宏观水利系统中的应用研究.pdf

河海大学
硕士学位论文
复杂性科学理论在中国宏观水利系统中的应用研究
姓名:宋继革
申请学位级别:硕士
专业:科学技术哲学
指导教师:丁长青
20080301
摘要
本文抓住被誉为“21世纪的科学”的复杂性科学理论,着重分析了复杂性科学的起源、
内容、发展、特征和意义。从我国宏观水利系统这一角度入手,通过文献分析、比较分析
和实例分析等研究方法,通过对我国宏观水利系统的研究,详细分析了水利系统的复杂性
征、表现,初步提出了复杂性科学理论对水利决策规划、水利管理体制、水利工程建设
的、意义和实践价值。
太、水利系统是由多层次的要素、子系统组成的人类社会和自然环境协同发展的复杂
性系统,具体表现在水资源的复杂性、水利与其子系统关系的复杂性、水利与社会、经济、
环境关系的复杂性几方面。具有水环境的自组织性、水灾害的突变性和不确定性、水利系
统的整体性、水利系统的层次性、水利系统的非线性等几大特征。水利系统既受自然环境
的影响,又受社会发展的影响,它涉及自然科学与社会科学的众多学科和业务部门。是一
种由生态系统、社会系统、经济系统、技术管理系统在特定的时间和空间上组合而成的复
杂的社会、经济、环境、生态系统。
正是鉴于以上的认识,本课题的目的就是在通过深入分析我国的宏观水利系统,而不
是局限在水利的某一方面和领域,运用当今比较热点的复杂性科学理论,从系统科学的角
度入手,进行深入分析和研究,以期能够找到对宏观水利系统的应用价值和实践意义。目
前来看,限于自己知识水平和能力,在这方面还有许多工作要做。
关键词:复杂性科学宏观水利系统应用研究
A Research on the App I ication of Complexity Science Theory
to the Macro Water Conservancy System
Abstract This thesis mainly analyzes the origin, content development characteristics
nnd significance of the Complexity Science, which is regarded as the"Scence of the 215t
entry Based on the methodologies for documentary analysis, comparative analysis and case
analysis, it makes a deep study on the complex features and phenomenon of water conservancy
system in our coumtry from a macroscopic point of view and then puts forward the theoretic and
practical value of Complexity Science theory to water conservancy decision, management and
construction.
Macro water conservancy system is a complex system of human society and natural
environment which contains several subsystems of different levels. Its complexity lies mainly in
its complex water resources, the relationship between it and its branches, the relationship
between water conservancy and society, economy and environment
It has the following
characteristic: the self organization of water environment, the instability of flood, the unity. the
various levels and the nonlinearity of water conservancy system. Water conservancy system is
influenced not only by natural environment but also social development and is related to natural
science, social science and others. It is a complex system which is composed of echo logica
system, social system, economic system and technical management system at special time and
special space
Based on what mentioned above, the aim of the thesis is to find out the applied and practical
value of macro water conservancy system by deep analyzing the popular Complexity Science
Tbeory. The research will be carried out from a systematic point of view instead of a certain
aspect of water conservancy. I know that I still have a lot of work to do in this field because
my limited knowledge and ability.
Key word: Complexity Science Theory; Macro Water Conservancy System; Research